NPHP4

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Summary

The gene codes for a protein, nephrocystin 4. Mutations are linked to nephronophthisis type 4, a renal disease, and with Senior-Loken syndrome type 4 [R].

Protein names

nephrocystin 4 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:19104]

GHR Function

Involved in the organization of apical junctions; the function is proposed to implicate a NPHP1-4-8 module (PubMed:19755384, PubMed:21565611). Does not seem to be strictly required for ciliogenesis (PubMed:21565611). Required for building functional cilia. Involved in the organization of the subapical actin network in multiciliated epithelial cells. Seems to recruits INT to basal bodies of motile cilia which subsequently interacts with actin-modifying proteins such as DAAM1 (By similarity). In cooperation with INVS may downregulate the canonical Wnt pathway and promote the Wnt-PCP pathway by regulating expression and subcellular location of disheveled proteins. Stabilizes protein levels of JADE1 and promotes its translocation to the nucleus leading to cooperative inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling (PubMed:21498478, PubMed:22654112). Acts as negative regulator of the hippo pathway by association with LATS1 and modifying LATS1-dependent phosphorylation and localization of WWTR1/TAZ (PubMed:21555462).

More Information

     Covered on Genetics Home Reference: nephronophthisisSenior-Løken syndromeFrom NCBI Gene: Nephronophthisis 4Senior-Loken syndrome 4From UniProt: Nephronophthisis 4 (NPHP4): An autosomal recessive inherited disease resulting in end-stage renal disease at age ranging between 6 and 35 years. It is a progressive tubulo-interstitial kidney disorder characterized by polydipsia, polyuria, anemia and growth retardation. The most prominent histological features are modifications of the tubules with thickening of the basement membrane, interstitial fibrosis and, in the advanced stages, medullary cysts. [MIM:606966] Ciliary dysfunction leads to a broad spectrum of disorders, collectively termed ciliopathies. Overlapping clinical features include retinal degeneration, renal cystic disease, skeletal abnormalities, fibrosis of various organ, and a complex range of anatomical and functional defects of the central and peripheral nervous system. The ciliopathy range of diseases includes Meckel-Gruber syndrome, Bardet-Biedl syndrome, Joubert syndrome, nephronophtisis, Senior-Loken syndrome, and Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy among others. Single-locus allelism is insufficient to explain the variable penetrance and expressivity of such disorders, leading to the suggestion that variations across multiple sites of the ciliary proteome, including NPHP4, influence the clinical outcome (PubMed:21258341). Senior-Loken syndrome 4 (SLSN4): A renal-retinal disorder characterized by progressive wasting of the filtering unit of the kidney (nephronophthisis), with or without medullary cystic renal disease, and progressive eye disease. Typically this disorder becomes apparent during the first year of life. [MIM:606996]

     From NCBI Gene: This gene encodes a protein involved in renal tubular development and function. This protein interacts with nephrocystin, and belongs to a multifunctional complex that is localized to actin- and microtubule-based structures. Mutations in this gene are associated with nephronophthisis type 4, a renal disease, and with Senior-Loken syndrome type 4, a combination of nephronophthisis and retinitis pigmentosa. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014] From UniProt: Involved in the organization of apical junctions in kidney cells together with NPHP1 and RPGRIP1L/NPHP8. Does not seem to be strictly required for ciliogenesis.

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