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TAAR1 (Trace amine associated receptor 1)

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The Function of TAAR1

Receptor for trace amines, including beta-phenylethylamine (b-PEA), p-tyramine (p-TYR), octopamine and tryptamine, with highest affinity for b-PEA and p-TYR. Unresponsive to classical biogenic amines, such as epinephrine and histamine and only partially activated by dopamine and serotonine. Trace amines are biogenic amines present in very low levels in mammalian tissues. Although some trace amines have clearly defined roles as neurotransmitters in invertebrates, the extent to which they function as true neurotransmitters in vertebrates has remained speculative. Trace amines are likely to be involved in a variety of physiological functions that have yet to be fully understood. The signal transduced by this receptor is mediated by the G(s)-class of G-proteins which activate adenylate cyclase.

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Protein names

Recommended name:

Trace amine-associated receptor 1

Alternative name(s):

TaR-1
Trace amine receptor 1

Top Gene-Substance Interactions

Substances That Increase TAAR1

Substances Interaction Organism Category

Substances That Decrease TAAR1

Substances Interaction Organism Category

Advanced Summary

Trace amine-associated receptor 1 ( TAAR1 ) is a receptor within monoamine neurons that is activated by trace amines.

Some of the natural human trace amines include tyramine, tryptamine, phenylethylamine (PEA), and octopamine.

TAAR1 plays a significant role in regulating neurotransmission in dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin neurons in the brain.

The primary natural activators of the TAAR1 receptor, by rank order of potency, are:
tyramine > phenethylamine > dopamine = octopamine

 

Conditions with Increased Gene Activity

Condition Change (log2fold) Comparison Species Experimental variables Experiment name

Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity

Condition Change (log2fold) Comparison Species Experimental variables Experiment name

Technical

The following transcription factors affect gene expression:

  • AP-1
  • c-Jun
  • c-Fos

Tissue specificity:

Detected in low levels in discrete regions within the central nervous system and in several peripheral tissues. Moderately expressed in stomach. Low levels in amygdala, kidney, and lung, and small intestine. Trace amounts in cerebellum, dorsal root ganglia, hippocampus, hypothalamus, liver, medulla, pancreas, pituitary, pontine reticular formation, prostate, skeletal muscle and spleen.

Molecular Function:

  • G-Protein Coupled Receptor Activity
  • Trace-Amine Receptor Activity

Biological Processes:

  • Camp Biosynthetic Process
  • G-Protein Coupled Receptor Signaling Pathway

Drug Bank:

  • Dextroamphetamine
  • Methamphetamine
  • Propylhexedrine
  • Amphetamine
*synonyms

Synonyms/Aliases/Alternative Names of the Gene:

hypothetical protein| TA1| H920_06386| M959_14761| N300_09721| N301_15618| N302_02872| N303_04686| N311_04857| N312_01806| N320_02069| N321_05441| N322_12991| N328_09248| N329_12733| N330_11947| N332_04859| N334_11826| taR-1| TAR1| trace-amine-associated receptor 1| Trace amine-associated receptor 1| trace amine receptor 1| Trar1| TREES_T100016754| UY3_09340| Y1Q_006879| Y956_00352| taar1

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