The Function of PTN
Secreted growth factor that induces neurite outgrowth and which is mitogenic for fibroblasts, epithelial, and endothelial cells (PubMed:1768439, PubMed:1733956). Binds anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) which induces MAPK pathway activation, an important step in the anti-apoptotic signaling of PTN and regulation of cell proliferation (PubMed:11278720). Binds to cell-surface target proteins via their chondroitin sulfate groups (PubMed:26896299). Down-regulates PTPRZ1 activity (PubMed:16814777).
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Protein names
Recommended name:
PleiotrophinShort name:
PTNAlternative name(s):
Heparin-binding brain mitogenHBBM
Heparin-binding growth factor 8
HBGF-8
Heparin-binding growth-associated molecule
HB-GAM
Heparin-binding neurite outgrowth-promoting factor 1
HBNF-1
Osteoblast-specific factor 1
OSF-1
Top Gene-Substance Interactions
PTN Interacts with These Diseases
| Disease | Score |
Substances That Increase PTN
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Substances That Decrease PTN
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Conditions with Increased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
|---|
Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
|---|
Technical
The following transcription factors affect gene expression:
Tissue specificity:
Osteoblast and brain.
Induction:
By heparin and retinoic acid.
Molecular Function:
- Protein Phosphatase Inhibitor Activity
- Growth Factor Activity
- Heparin Binding
- Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan Binding
- Chondroitin Sulfate Binding
- Heparan Sulfate Binding
Biological Processes:
- Liver Development
- Transmembrane Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Signaling Pathway
- Nervous System Development
- Heart Development
- Learning
- Positive Regulation Of Cell Proliferation
- Regulation Of Cell Shape
- Positive Regulation Of Cell-Substrate Adhesion
- Positive Regulation Of Neuron Projection Development
- Negative Regulation Of Angiogenesis
- Spinal Cord Development
- Cerebellum Development
- Thalamus Development
- Bone Mineralization
- Lung Development
- Negative Regulation Of Cell Migration
- Response To Estradiol
- Response To Progesterone
- Cellular Response To Uv
- Cellular Response To Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Stimulus
- Positive Regulation Of Apoptotic Process
- Estrous Cycle
- Endothelial Cell Differentiation
- Negative Regulation Of Membrane Potential
- Negative Regulation Of Epithelial Cell Proliferation
- Positive Regulation Of Cell Division
- Retinal Rod Cell Differentiation
- Negative Regulation Of Glial Cell Proliferation
- Long-Term Synaptic Potentiation
- Cellular Response To Vitamin D
- Cellular Response To Hypoxia
- Negative Regulation Of Mesenchymal Cell Proliferation
- Response To Kainic Acid
- Rod Bipolar Cell Differentiation
- Response To Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor
- Positive Regulation Of Skeletal Muscle Acetylcholine-Gated Channel Clustering
- Negative Regulation Of Neuromuscular Junction Development
- Response To Nerve Growth Factor
- Positive Regulation Of Hepatocyte Proliferation