The Function of PAPPA
Metalloproteinase which specifically cleaves IGFBP-4 and IGFBP-5, resulting in release of bound IGF. Cleavage of IGFBP-4 is dramatically enhanced by the presence of IGF, whereas cleavage of IGFBP-5 is slightly inhibited by the presence of IGF.
Protein names
Recommended name:
Pappalysin-1Short name:
PAPP-AAlternative name(s):
Insulin-like growth factor-dependent IGF-binding protein 4 proteaseIGF-dependent IGFBP-4 protease
IGFBP-4ase
Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A
- RS1003858 (PAPPA) ??
- RS17303101 (PAPPA) ??
- RS436582 (PAPPA) ??
- RS751543 (PAPPA) ??
- RS7869550 (PAPPA) ??
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Top Gene-Substance Interactions
PAPPA Interacts with These Diseases
| Disease | Score |
Substances That Increase PAPPA
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Substances That Decrease PAPPA
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Conditions with Increased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
|---|
Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
|---|
Technical
The following transcription factors affect gene expression:
Tissue specificity:
High levels in placenta and pregnancy serum. In placenta, expressed in X cells in septa and anchoring villi, and in syncytiotrophoblasts in the chorionic villi. Lower levels are found in a variety of other tissues including kidney, myometrium, endometrium, ovaries, breast, prostate, bone marrow, colon, fibroblasts and osteoblasts.
Gene Pathways:
Induction:
By 8-bromoadenosine-3',5'-phosphate.
Developmental stage:
Present in serum and placenta during pregnancy; levels increase throughout pregnancy.
Enzyme Regulation:
Inhibited by complexation with the proform of PRG2.
Cofactor:
Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
Molecular Function:
Biological Processes:
- Cellular Protein Metabolic Process
- Female Pregnancy
- Response To Follicle-Stimulating Hormone
- Response To Glucocorticoid