The Function of NTHL1
Bifunctional DNA N-glycosylase with associated apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) lyase function that catalyzes the first step in base excision repair (BER), the primary repair pathway for the repair of oxidative DNA damage. The DNA N-glycosylase activity releases the damaged DNA base from DNA by cleaving the N-glycosidic bond, leaving an AP site. The AP-lyase activity cleaves the phosphodiester bond 3' to the AP site by a beta-elimination. Primarily recognizes and repairs oxidative base damage of pyrimidines. Has also 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) DNA glycosylase activity. Acts preferentially on DNA damage opposite guanine residues in DNA. Is able to process lesions in nucleosomes without requiring or inducing nucleosome disruption.
Protein names
Recommended name:
Endonuclease III-like protein 1Alternative name(s):
hNTH1Bifunctional DNA N-glycosylase/DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site
DNA glycosylase/AP lyase
- RS2516739 (NTHL1) ??
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Top Gene-Substance Interactions
Substances That Increase NTHL1
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Substances That Decrease NTHL1
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Conditions with Increased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
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Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
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Technical
The following transcription factors affect gene expression:
Tissue specificity:
Widely expressed with highest levels in heart and lowest levels in lung and liver.
Gene Pathways:
Developmental stage:
Expression levels are regulated during the cell cycle with increased levels during early and mid S-phase.
Enzyme Regulation:
APE1 displaces NTHL1 from the N-glycosylase-generated AP site in DNA, thereby increasing the turnover of the DNA N-glycosylase activity. AP lyase activity is stimulated by YBX1.
Cofactor:
Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster. The cluster does not appear to play a role in catalysis, but is probably involved in the proper positioning of the enzyme along the DNA strand.
Molecular Function:
- 4 Iron, 4 Sulfur Cluster Binding
- Dna-(Apurinic Or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase Activity
- Dna N-Glycosylase Activity
- Double-Stranded Dna Binding
- Endonuclease Activity
- Metal Ion Binding
- Oxidized Purine Nucleobase Lesion Dna N-Glycosylase Activity
- Oxidized Pyrimidine Nucleobase Lesion Dna N-Glycosylase Activity
Biological Processes:
- Base-Excision Repair, Ap Site Formation
- Depyrimidination
- Nucleotide-Excision Repair, Dna Incision, 5'-To Lesion
- Mitophagy In Response To Mitochondrial Depolarization
- Positive Regulation Of Defense Response To Virus By Host
- Xenophagy