Summary of NOS2
The NOS2 gene encodes an enzyme called nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), also called inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) [R].
This enzyme produces nitric oxide (NO) from the amino acid L-arginine. Nitric oxide plays a role in relaxing blood vessels, neurotransmission, and the immune response. It also has antimicrobial activity and may help suppress tumor growth [R, R].
Nitric oxide contributes to inflammation and may play a role in many inflammatory diseases. For this reason, iNOS has been the subject of a great deal of research on such diseases. However, drugs targeting iNOS have not yet been developed [R].
Variants in NOS2 have been linked to [R, R, R, R, R]:
- Fanconi anemia
- Psoriasis
- Acute anterior uveitis
- Coronary heart disease
- High blood pressure
- Malaria severity
Protein names
Recommended name:
Nanos homolog 2Short name:
NOS-2- RS1137933 (NOS2) ??
- RS11653716 (NOS2) ??
- RS2248814 (NOS2) ??
- RS2297518 (NOS2) ??
- RS3729508 (NOS2) ??
- RS4795067 (NOS2) ??
- RS8072199 (NOS2) ??
- RS8078340 (NOS2) ??
- RS944722 (NOS2) ??
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Top Gene-Substance Interactions
NOS2 Interacts with These Diseases
| Disease | Score |
Substances That Increase NOS2
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Substances That Decrease NOS2
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Conditions with Increased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
|---|
Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
|---|
Technical
The following transcription factors affect gene expression:
Tissue specificity:
Expressed in the liver, retina, bone cells and airway epithelial cells of the lung. Not expressed in the platelets.
Gene Pathways:
Induction:
By endotoxins and cytokines. Induced by IFNG/IFN-gamma acting synergistically with bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), TNF or IL1B/interleukin-1 beta (PubMed:7528267). Down-regulated by zinc due to inhibition of NF-kappa-B transactivation activity (PubMed:25180171). By oxidatively-modified low-densitity lipoprotein (LDL(ox)) (PubMed:25417112).
Enzyme Regulation:
Regulated by calcium/calmodulin. Aspirin inhibits expression and function of this enzyme and effects may be exerted at the level of translational/post-translational modification and directly on the catalytic activity.
Cofactor:
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). May stabilize the dimeric form of the enzyme.
Molecular Function:
- Mrna Binding
- Nitric-Oxide Synthase Activity
- Receptor Binding
- Zinc Ion Binding
- Fmn Binding
- Heme Binding
- Tetrahydrobiopterin Binding
- Arginine Binding
- Protein Homodimerization Activity
- Metal Ion Binding
- Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide Binding
- Nadp Binding
Biological Processes:
- Response To Hypoxia
- Positive Regulation Of Leukocyte Mediated Cytotoxicity
- Innate Immune Response In Mucosa
- Mrna Catabolic Process
- Arginine Catabolic Process
- Superoxide Metabolic Process
- Nitric Oxide Biosynthetic Process
- Nitric Oxide Mediated Signal Transduction
- Multicellular Organism Development
- Spermatogenesis
- Circadian Rhythm
- Response To Bacterium
- Negative Regulation Of Gene Expression
- Negative Regulation Of Translation
- Peptidyl-Cysteine S-Nitrosylation
- Cell Differentiation
- Germ-Line Stem Cell Population Maintenance
- Positive Regulation Of Guanylate Cyclase Activity
- Prostaglandin Secretion
- Regulation Of Cell Proliferation
- Negative Regulation Of Protein Catabolic Process
- Defense Response To Bacterium
- Regulation Of Cellular Respiration
- Cell Redox Homeostasis
- Negative Regulation Of Blood Pressure
- Negative Regulation Of Meiotic Nuclear Division
- Positive Regulation Of Vasodilation
- Regulation Of Insulin Secretion
- Defense Response To Gram-Negative Bacterium
- Positive Regulation Of Killing Of Cells Of Other Organism
- Cellular Response To Lipopolysaccharide
- Cellular Response To Interferon-Gamma
- Interleukin-6 Secretion
- Interleukin-8 Secretion
- Regulation Of Cytokine Production Involved In Inflammatory Response
- Positive Regulation Of Nuclear-Transcribed Mrna Catabolic Process, Deadenylation-Dependent Decay
Drug Bank:
- L-Arginine
- Dexamethasone
- Doxorubicin
- L-Citrulline
- Miconazole
- Triflusal