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NFKB2 (Nuclear factor kappa B subunit 2)

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Summary of NFKB2

The gene codes for a protein, nuclear factor kappa B subunit 2.  It is a central activator of genes that play a role in inflammation and immune function [R].

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The Function of NFKB2

NF-kappa-B is a pleiotropic transcription factor present in almost all cell types and is the endpoint of a series of signal transduction events that are initiated by a vast array of stimuli related to many biological processes such as inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. NF-kappa-B is a homo- or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rel-like domain-containing proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB1/p50, REL and NFKB2/p52. The dimers bind at kappa-B sites in the DNA of their target genes and the individual dimers have distinct preferences for different kappa-B sites that they can bind with distinguishable affinity and specificity. Different dimer combinations act as transcriptional activators or repressors, respectively. NF-kappa-B is controlled by various mechanisms of post-translational modification and subcellular compartmentalization as well as by interactions with other cofactors or corepressors. NF-kappa-B complexes are held in the cytoplasm in an inactive state complexed with members of the NF-kappa-B inhibitor (I-kappa-B) family. In a conventional activation pathway, I-kappa-B is phosphorylated by I-kappa-B kinases (IKKs) in response to different activators, subsequently degraded thus liberating the active NF-kappa-B complex which translocates to the nucleus. In a non-canonical activation pathway, the MAP3K14-activated CHUK/IKKA homodimer phosphorylates NFKB2/p100 associated with RelB, inducing its proteolytic processing to NFKB2/p52 and the formation of NF-kappa-B RelB-p52 complexes. The NF-kappa-B heterodimeric RelB-p52 complex is a transcriptional activator. The NF-kappa-B p52-p52 homodimer is a transcriptional repressor. NFKB2 appears to have dual functions such as cytoplasmic retention of attached NF-kappa-B proteins by p100 and generation of p52 by a cotranslational processing. The proteasome-mediated process ensures the production of both p52 and p100 and preserves their independent function. p52 binds to the kappa-B consensus sequence 5'-GGRNNYYCC-3', located in the enhancer region of genes involved in immune response and acute phase reactions. p52 and p100 are respectively the minor and major form; the processing of p100 being relatively poor. Isoform p49 is a subunit of the NF-kappa-B protein complex, which stimulates the HIV enhancer in synergy with p65. In concert with RELB, regulates the circadian clock by repressing the transcriptional activator activity of the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer.

Protein names

Recommended name:

Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit

Short name:

H2TF1

Alternative name(s):

DNA-binding factor KBF2
Lymphocyte translocation chromosome 10 protein
Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 2
Oncogene Lyt-10
Lyt10

NFKB2 SNPs

    To see your genotype, you should be logged in and have a file with your genotype uploaded.

  1. RS1056890 (NFKB2) ??
  2. RS7897947 (NFKB2) ??

Top Gene-Substance Interactions

NFKB2 Interacts with These Diseases

Disease Score

Substances That Increase NFKB2

Substances Interaction Organism Category

Substances That Decrease NFKB2

Substances Interaction Organism Category

Advanced Summary

     Covered on Genetics Home Reference: common variable immune deficiencyFrom NCBI Gene: Common variable immunodeficiency 10From UniProt: A chromosomal aberration involving NFKB2 is found in a cutaneous T-cell leukemia (C-TCL) cell line. This rearrangement produces the p80HT gene which codes for a truncated 80 kDa protein (p80HT). A chromosomal aberration involving NFKB2 is found in a case of B-cell non Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). Translocation t(10;14)(q24;q32) with IGHA1. The resulting oncogene is also called Lyt-10C alpha variant. In B-cell leukemia (B-CLL) cell line, LB40 and EB308, can be found after heterogeneous chromosomal aberrations, such as internal deletions. Immunodeficiency, common variable, 10 (CVID10): A primary immunodeficiency characterized by childhood-onset of recurrent infections, hypogammaglobulinemia, and decreased numbers of memory and marginal zone B-cells. Some patients may develop autoimmune features and have circulating autoantibodies. An unusual feature is central adrenal insufficiency. [MIM:615577]

     From NCBI Gene: This gene encodes a subunit of the transcription factor complex nuclear factor-kappa-B (NFkB). The NFkB complex is expressed in numerous cell types and functions as a central activator of genes involved in inflammation and immune function. The protein encoded by this gene can function as both a transcriptional activator or repressor depending on its dimerization partner. The p100 full-length protein is co-translationally processed into a p52 active form. Chromosomal rearrangements and translocations of this locus have been observed in B cell lymphomas, some of which may result in the formation of fusion proteins. There is a pseudogene for this gene on chromosome 18. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2013] From UniProt: NF-kappa-B is a pleiotropic transcription factor present in almost all cell types and is the endpoint of a series of signal transduction events that are initiated by a vast array of stimuli related to many biological processes such as inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. NF-kappa-B is a homo- or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rel-like domain-containing proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB1/p50, REL and NFKB2/p52. The dimers bind at kappa-B sites in the DNA of their target genes and the individual dimers have distinct preferences for different kappa-B sites that they can bind with distinguishable affinity and specificity. Different dimer combinations act as transcriptional activators or repressors, respectively. NF-kappa-B is controlled by various mechanisms of post-translational modification and subcellular compartmentalization as well as by interactions with other cofactors or corepressors. NF-kappa-B complexes are held in the cytoplasm in an inactive state complexed with members of the NF-kappa-B inhibitor (I-kappa-B) family. In a conventional activation pathway, I-kappa-B is phosphorylated by I-kappa-B kinases (IKKs) in response to different activators, subsequently degraded thus liberating the active NF-kappa-B complex which translocates to the nucleus. In a non-canonical activation pathway, the MAP3K14-activated CHUK/IKKA homodimer phosphorylates NFKB2/p100 associated with RelB, inducing its proteolytic processing to NFKB2/p52 and the formation of NF-kappa-B RelB-p52 complexes. The NF-kappa-B heterodimeric RelB-p52 complex is a transcriptional activator. The NF-kappa-B p52-p52 homodimer is a transcriptional repressor. NFKB2 appears to have dual functions such as cytoplasmic retention of attached NF-kappa-B proteins by p100 and generation of p52 by a cotranslational processing. The proteasome-mediated process ensures the production of both p52 and p100 and preserves their independent function. p52 binds to the kappa-B consensus sequence 5'-GGRNNYYCC-3', located in the enhancer region of genes involved in immune response and acute phase reactions. p52 and p100 are respectively the minor and major form; the processing of p100 being relatively poor. Isoform p49 is a subunit of the NF-kappa-B protein complex, which stimulates the HIV enhancer in synergy with p65. In concert with RELB, regulates the circadian clock by repressing the transcriptional activator activity of the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer.

Conditions with Increased Gene Activity

Condition Change (log2fold) Comparison Species Experimental variables Experiment name

Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity

Condition Change (log2fold) Comparison Species Experimental variables Experiment name

Technical

The following transcription factors affect gene expression:

  • p53
  • STAT3
  • GATA-2
  • NF-kappaB2

Gene Pathways:

  • Immune System
  • MAPK signaling pathway
  • Pathways in cancer
  • Osteoclast differentiation
  • TRAF6 Mediated Induction of proinflammatory cytokines

Molecular Function:

  • Chromatin Binding
  • Rna Polymerase Ii Core Promoter Proximal Region Sequence-Specific Dna Binding
  • Transcriptional Activator Activity, Rna Polymerase Ii Core Promoter Proximal Region Sequence-Specific Binding
  • Transcription Coactivator Activity
  • Transcription Factor Activity, Sequence-Specific Dna Binding

Biological Processes:

  • Aging
  • Extracellular Matrix Organization
  • Follicular Dendritic Cell Differentiation
  • Germinal Center Formation
  • I-Kappab Kinase/Nf-Kappab Signaling
  • Inflammatory Response
  • Innate Immune Response
  • Negative Regulation Of Transcription From Rna Polymerase Ii Promoter
  • Nik/Nf-Kappab Signaling
  • Positive Regulation Of Nf-Kappab Transcription Factor Activity
  • Positive Regulation Of Transcription From Rna Polymerase Ii Promoter
  • Positive Regulation Of Type I Interferon Production
  • Regulation Of Transcription, Dna-Templated
  • Response To Cytokine
  • Response To Lipopolysaccharide
  • Rhythmic Process
  • Spleen Development

Drug Bank:

  • Acetylsalicylic Acid
  • Glucosamine
*synonyms

Synonyms/Aliases/Alternative Names of the Gene:

hypothetical protein| p100| p52| NFKB| nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cel| A306_12459| AS27_02551| AS28_05930| CB1_000642042| CVID10| D623_10025917| DNA-binding factor KBF2| H2TF1| I79_015875| lymphocyte translocation chromosome 10 protein| lyt| lyt-10| LYT10| M91_06654| MDA_GLEAN10023359| N300_11778| N301_10699| N302_13435| N303_09243| N307_06089| N308_00281| N310_08155| N320_09195| N330_08880| N331_09286| N332_06952| NF-kappa-B| NF kappaB2| NF-kappaB2| NF-kB2| NF-kB2-II precursor protein| NF-kB2-I precursor protein| NFKB2_TV2| NFKB, p52/p100 subunit| nuclear factor Kappa-B, subunit 2| Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit| nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p52 subunit| nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p97 subunit| nuclear factor of Kappa light chain gene enhancer in B cells 2| nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 2| nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 2, p49/p100| nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 2 (p49/p100)| nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 2, p49/p100| nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells-like| nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide protein enhancer in B-cells 2 (p49/p100)| oncogene Lyt-10| p100-NFkappaB2| P100/P52 transcription factor| p49| p49/p100| p50B| PAL_GLEAN10014254| RGD1307189| transcription factor NFKB2| TREES_T100016507| UY3_00948| Y1Q_004899| Y956_09090| Z169_12759| nfkb2

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