The Function of MIF
Pro-inflammatory cytokine. Involved in the innate immune response to bacterial pathogens. The expression of MIF at sites of inflammation suggests a role as mediator in regulating the function of macrophages in host defense. Counteracts the anti-inflammatory activity of glucocorticoids. Has phenylpyruvate tautomerase and dopachrome tautomerase activity (in vitro), but the physiological substrate is not known. It is not clear whether the tautomerase activity has any physiological relevance, and whether it is important for cytokine activity.
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Protein names
Recommended name:
Macrophage migration inhibitory factorShort name:
MIFAlternative name(s):
Glycosylation-inhibiting factorGIF
L-dopachrome isomerase
L-dopachrome tautomerase
Phenylpyruvate tautomerase
Top Gene-Substance Interactions
MIF Interacts with These Diseases
| Disease | Score |
Substances That Increase MIF
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Substances That Decrease MIF
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Conditions with Increased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
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Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
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Technical
The following transcription factors affect gene expression:
Gene Pathways:
Induction:
Up-regulated in concanavalin-A-treated lymphocytes. Up-regulated in macrophages upon exposure to M.tuberculosis antigens.
Molecular Function:
- Chemoattractant Activity
- Cytokine Activity
- Cytokine Receptor Binding
- Dopachrome Isomerase Activity
- Phenylpyruvate Tautomerase Activity
- Receptor Binding
Biological Processes:
- Carboxylic Acid Metabolic Process
- Cell Aging
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Surface Receptor Signaling Pathway
- Dna Damage Response, Signal Transduction By P53 Class Mediator
- Inflammatory Response
- Innate Immune Response
- Leukocyte Migration
- Negative Regulation Of Apoptotic Process
- Negative Regulation Of Cell Aging
- Negative Regulation Of Cell Cycle Arrest
- Negative Regulation Of Cellular Protein Metabolic Process
- Negative Regulation Of Dna Damage Response, Signal Transduction By P53 Class Mediator
- Negative Regulation Of Gene Expression
- Negative Regulation Of Intrinsic Apoptotic Signaling Pathway In Response To Dna Damage By P53 Class Mediator
- Negative Regulation Of Mature B Cell Apoptotic Process
- Negative Regulation Of Myeloid Cell Apoptotic Process
- Positive Regulation Of Arachidonic Acid Secretion
- Positive Regulation Of B Cell Proliferation
- Positive Regulation Of Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligand 2 Production
- Positive Regulation Of Cytokine Secretion
- Positive Regulation Of Erk1 And Erk2 Cascade
- Positive Regulation Of Fibroblast Proliferation
- Positive Regulation Of Lipopolysaccharide-Mediated Signaling Pathway
- Positive Regulation Of Map Kinase Activity
- Positive Regulation Of Myeloid Leukocyte Cytokine Production Involved In Immune Response
- Positive Regulation Of Peptidyl-Serine Phosphorylation
- Positive Regulation Of Peptidyl-Tyrosine Phosphorylation
- Positive Regulation Of Phosphorylation
- Positive Regulation Of Prostaglandin Secretion Involved In Immune Response
- Positive Regulation Of Protein Kinase A Signaling
- Prostaglandin Biosynthetic Process
- Protein Homotrimerization
- Regulation Of Macrophage Activation