Substances	Interaction	Organism	Category

Substances	Interaction	Organism	Category

     Covered on Genetics Home Reference: autoimmune Addison diseaseidiopathic pulmonary fibrosisFrom UniProt: Psoriasis 1 (PSORS1): A common, chronic inflammatory disease of the skin with multifactorial etiology. It is characterized by red, scaly plaques usually found on the scalp, elbows and knees. These lesions are caused by abnormal keratinocyte proliferation and infiltration of inflammatory cells into the dermis and epidermis. [MIM:177900] Anti-MICA antibodies and ligand shedding are involved in the progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)to multiple myeloma. Psoriatic arthritis (PSORAS): An inflammatory, seronegative arthritis associated with psoriasis. It is a heterogeneous disorder ranging from a mild, non-destructive disease to a severe, progressive, erosive arthropathy. Five types of psoriatic arthritis have been defined: asymmetrical oligoarthritis characterized by primary involvement of the small joints of the fingers or toes; asymmetrical arthritis which involves the joints of the extremities; symmetrical polyarthritis characterized by a rheumatoid like pattern that can involve hands, wrists, ankles, and feet; arthritis mutilans, which is a rare but deforming and destructive condition; arthritis of the sacroiliac joints and spine (psoriatic spondylitis). [MIM:607507]

     From NCBI Gene: This gene encodes the highly polymorphic major histocompatability complex class I chain-related protein A. The protein product is expressed on the cell surface, although unlike canonical class I molecules it does not seem to associate with beta-2-microglobulin. It is a ligand for the NKG2-D type II integral membrane protein receptor. The protein functions as a stress-induced antigen that is broadly recognized by intestinal epithelial gamma delta T cells. Variations in this gene have been associated with susceptibility to psoriasis 1 and psoriatic arthritis, and the shedding of MICA-related antibodies and ligands is involved in the progression from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to multiple myeloma. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014] From UniProt: Seems to have no role in antigen presentation. Acts as a stress-induced self-antigen that is recognized by gamma delta T-cells. Ligand for the KLRK1/NKG2D receptor. Binding to KLRK1 leads to cell lysis.

Condition	Change (log2fold)	Comparison	Species	Experimental variables	Experiment name

Condition	Change (log2fold)	Comparison	Species	Experimental variables	Experiment name

The following transcription factors affect gene expression:

• NF-kappaB
• AP-1
• AhR
• c-Jun
• NF-kappaB1
• Sp1

Tissue specificity:

Widely expressed with the exception of the central nervous system where it is absent. Expressed predominantly in gastric epithelium and also in monocytes, keratinocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and in the outer layer of Hassal's corpuscles within the medulla of normal thymus. In skin, expressed mainly in the keratin layers, basal cells, ducts and follicles. Also expressed in many, but not all, epithelial tumors of lung, breast, kidney, ovary, prostate and colon. In thyomas, overexpressed in cortical and medullar epithelial cells. Tumors expressing MICA display increased levels of gamma delta T-cells.

Induction:

By heat shock, by infection with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), human adenovirus 5, M.tuberculosis and diarrheagenic E.coli, and by exposure to DNA damaging conditions such as high doses of ionizing radiation, chromatin-modifying treatments and inhibitors of DNA replication. The HCMV UL142 protein causes down-regulation of the full-length protein but not of the truncated MICA*008 allele.

Molecular Function:

• Antigen Binding
• Natural Killer Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Binding

Biological Processes:

• Antigen Processing And Presentation
• Cellular Response To Dna Damage Stimulus
• Cytolysis
• Defense Response To Bacterium
• Defense Response To Virus
• Gamma-Delta T Cell Activation
• Immune Response To Tumor Cell
• Natural Killer Cell Mediated Cytotoxicity
• Negative Regulation Of Natural Killer Cell Activation
• Negative Regulation Of Natural Killer Cell Mediated Cytotoxicity
• Regulation Of Immune Response
• Response To Heat
• T Cell Mediated Cytotoxicity

*synonyms