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  3. LOXL2

LOXL2 (Lysyl oxidase like 2)

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The Function of LOXL2

Mediates the post-translational oxidative deamination of lysine residues on target proteins leading to the formation of deaminated lysine (allysine). When secreted in extracellular matrix, promotes cross-linking of extracellular matrix proteins by mediating oxidative deamination of peptidyl lysine residues in precursors to fibrous collagen and elastin. Acts as a regulator of sprouting angiogenesis, probably via collagen IV scaffolding. When nuclear, acts as a transcription corepressor and specifically mediates deamination of trimethylated 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (H3K4me3), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. Involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) via interaction with SNAI1 and participates in repression of E-cadherin, probably by mediating deamination of histone H3. Also involved in E-cadherin repression following hypoxia, a hallmark of epithelial to mesenchymal transition believed to amplify tumor aggressiveness, suggesting that it may play a role in tumor progression. Acts as a regulator of chondrocyte differentiation, probably by regulating expression of factors that control chondrocyte differentiation.

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Protein names

Recommended name:

Lysyl oxidase homolog 2

Alternative name(s):

Lysyl oxidase-like protein 2
Lysyl oxidase-related protein 2
Lysyl oxidase-related protein WS9-14

Top Gene-Substance Interactions

LOXL2 Interacts with These Diseases

Disease Score

Substances That Increase LOXL2

Substances Interaction Organism Category

Substances That Decrease LOXL2

Substances Interaction Organism Category

Conditions with Increased Gene Activity

Condition Change (log2fold) Comparison Species Experimental variables Experiment name

Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity

Condition Change (log2fold) Comparison Species Experimental variables Experiment name

Technical

The following transcription factors affect gene expression:

  • AP-1
  • SREBP-1a
  • SREBP-1c
  • SREBP-1b
  • Pax-5
  • c-Myb
  • RelA
  • LCR-F1

Tissue specificity:

Expressed in many tissues. Highest expression in reproductive tissues, placenta, uterus and prostate. Up-regulated in a number of cancers cells and tissues.

Gene Pathways:

  • Metabolic pathways
  • Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
  • Extracellular matrix organization
  • Propanoate metabolism
  • Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism

Induction:

Strongly induced in hypoxia. Direct transcriptional target of HIF1A.

Enzyme Regulation:

According to some reports, it is inhibited by beta-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) (PubMed:20439985 and PubMed:23319596). According to another report, it is not inhibited by beta-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) (PubMed:20306300). Specifically inhibited by a mouse monoclonal antibody AB0023, inhibition occurs in a non-competitive manner.

Cofactor:

Contains 1 lysine tyrosylquinone.

Molecular Function:

  • Chromatin Binding
  • Copper Ion Binding
  • Electron Carrier Activity
  • Methylated Histone Binding
  • Oligosaccharide Binding
  • Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase Activity
  • Scavenger Receptor Activity
  • Transcription Corepressor Activity

Biological Processes:

  • Aging
  • Cell Adhesion
  • Cellular Protein Modification Process
  • Collagen Fibril Organization
  • Endothelial Cell Migration
  • Endothelial Cell Proliferation
  • Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition
  • Histone Modification
  • Negative Regulation Of Transcription, Dna-Templated
  • Oxidation-Reduction Process
  • Positive Regulation Of Chondrocyte Differentiation
  • Protein Deamination
  • Response To Copper Ion
  • Response To Hypoxia
  • Sprouting Angiogenesis
  • Transcription, Dna-Templated
*synonyms

Synonyms/Aliases/Alternative Names of the Gene:

hypothetical protein| A306_13998| Anapl_13838| AS28_08934| CB1_001032005| D623_10014312| H920_00510| I79_001517| LOR2| loxl-2| loxl2a| Lysyl oxidase 2| Lysyl oxidase-2| Lysyl oxidase 2A| Lysyl oxidase homolog 2| lysyl oxidase homolog 2B| lysyl oxidase homolog 2-like| lysyl oxidase-like 2| lysyl oxidase-like 2 delta e13| lysyl oxidase-like 2 protein| lysyl oxidase-like protein 2| Lysyl oxidase like protein 2| lysyl oxidase related 2| lysyl oxidase-related protein 2| lysyl oxidase-related protein WS9-14| M91_09202| MDA_GLEAN10007445| N300_09491| N301_09495| N302_03409| N303_05465| N312_04630| N320_08916| N321_08172| N322_11744| N327_07803| N335_06522| N339_04076| PAL_GLEAN10001295| PANDA_002746| PCCB| propionyl-CoA carboxylase beta chain, mitochondrial| propionyl CoA carboxylase, beta polypeptide| propionyl Coenzyme A carboxylase, beta polypeptide| TREES_T100011393| UY3_15128| WS9-14| Y1Q_016701| Y956_03246| loxl2

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