Disease	Score

Substances	Interaction	Organism	Category

Substances	Interaction	Organism	Category

LEPR encodes the protein for the leptin receptor, which is involved in regulating body weight . When leptin binds to its receptor, it triggers a series of chemical signals that affect hunger and helps you feel full (R). 

Leptin receptor deficiency is associated with excessive hunger and weight gain (R).

At least 18 LEPR gene mutations that cause leptin receptor deficiency have been identified; this disorder is associated with excessive hunger, massive weight gain, and reduced production of hormones that direct sexual development (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism). Some of the mutations result in less receptor protein getting to the cell surface where leptin binding takes place. The receptors that get to the cell surface may bind to leptin, but their signaling function is impaired. The resulting shortage of leptin signaling disrupts normal feelings of hunger and satiety, leading to extreme weight gain. Because hypogonadotropic hypogonadism occurs in leptin receptor deficiency, researchers suggest that leptin receptor signaling is also involved in regulating the body's response to hormones that control sexual development, and that this response is affected by LEPR gene mutations. However, the mechanism of this effect is unknown.

The LEPR gene provides instructions for making a protein called the leptin receptor, which is involved in the regulation of body weight . The leptin receptor protein is found on the surface of cells in many organs and tissues of the body, including a part of the brain called the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus controls hunger and thirst as well as other functions such as sleep, moods, and body temperature. It also regulates the release of many hormones that have functions throughout the body. The leptin receptor is turned on (activated) by a hormone called leptin that attaches (binds) to the receptor, fitting into it like a key into a lock. Normally, the body's fat cells release leptin in proportion to their size. As fat cells become larger, they produce more leptin. This rise in leptin indicates that fat stores are increasing. In the hypothalamus, the binding of leptin to its receptor triggers a series of chemical signals that affect hunger and help produce a feeling of fullness (satiety).

Condition	Change (log2fold)	Comparison	Species	Experimental variables	Experiment name

Condition	Change (log2fold)	Comparison	Species	Experimental variables	Experiment name

The following transcription factors affect gene expression:

• GR
• GR-alpha
• GR-beta
• STAT3
• NF-kappaB1
• SREBP-1a
• SREBP-1c
• SREBP-1b

Tissue specificity:

Isoform A is expressed in fetal liver and in hematopoietic tissues and choroid plexus. In adults highest expression in heart, liver, small intestine, prostate and ovary. Low level in lung and kidney. Isoform B is highly expressed in hypothalamus, but also in skeletal muscle. Detected in fundic and antral epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa (PubMed:19159218). Isoform B and isoform A are expressed by NK cells (at protein level) (PubMed:12504075).

Molecular Function:

• Transmembrane Signaling Receptor Activity
• Receptor Binding
• Leptin Receptor Activity
• Identical Protein Binding

Biological Processes:

• Angiogenesis
• Energy Reserve Metabolic Process
• Phagocytosis
• Cell Surface Receptor Signaling Pathway
• Multicellular Organism Development
• Cholesterol Metabolic Process
• Negative Regulation Of Autophagy
• Sexual Reproduction
• T Cell Differentiation
• Leptin-Mediated Signaling Pathway
• Glucose Homeostasis
• Response To Leptin
• Negative Regulation Of Gluconeogenesis
• Negative Regulation Of Jak-Stat Cascade
• Regulation Of Bone Remodeling
• Negative Regulation Of Hydrolase Activity
• Regulation Of Feeding Behavior
• Energy Homeostasis
• Bone Growth
• Positive Regulation Of Protein Targeting To Mitochondrion
• Negative Regulation Of Protein Localization To Cell Surface
• Regulation Of Energy Homeostasis
• Late Endosome To Vacuole Transport Via Multivesicular Body Sorting Pathway
• Negative Regulation Of Growth Hormone Receptor Signaling Pathway

Drug Bank:

• Metreleptin

*synonyms