The Function of KIT
Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for the cytokine KITLG/SCF and plays an essential role in the regulation of cell survival and proliferation, hematopoiesis, stem cell maintenance, gametogenesis, mast cell development, migration and function, and in melanogenesis. In response to KITLG/SCF binding, KIT can activate several signaling pathways. Phosphorylates PIK3R1, PLCG1, SH2B2/APS and CBL. Activates the AKT1 signaling pathway by phosphorylation of PIK3R1, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Activated KIT also transmits signals via GRB2 and activation of RAS, RAF1 and the MAP kinases MAPK1/ERK2 and/or MAPK3/ERK1. Promotes activation of STAT family members STAT1, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B. Activation of PLCG1 leads to the production of the cellular signaling molecules diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. KIT signaling is modulated by protein phosphatases, and by rapid internalization and degradation of the receptor. Activated KIT promotes phosphorylation of the protein phosphatases PTPN6/SHP-1 and PTPRU, and of the transcription factors STAT1, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B. Promotes phosphorylation of PIK3R1, CBL, CRK (isoform Crk-II), LYN, MAPK1/ERK2 and/or MAPK3/ERK1, PLCG1, SRC and SHC1.
Protein names
Recommended name:
Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor KitShort name:
PBTAlternative name(s):
SCFRPiebald trait protein
Proto-oncogene c-Kit
Tyrosine-protein kinase Kit
p145 c-kit
v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog
CD antigen CD117
- RS11345859 (KIT) ??
- RS2537859 (KIT) ??
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Top Gene-Substance Interactions
KIT Interacts with These Diseases
Disease | Score |
Substances That Increase KIT
Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Substances That Decrease KIT
Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Conditions with Increased Gene Activity
Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
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Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity
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Technical
The following transcription factors affect gene expression:
Tissue specificity:
Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are detected in spermatogonia and Leydig cells. Isoform 3 is detected in round spermatids, elongating spermatids and spermatozoa (at protein level). Widely expressed. Detected in the hematopoietic system, the gastrointestinal system, in melanocytes and in germ cells.
Gene Pathways:
Induction:
Up-regulated by cis-retinoic acid in neuroblastoma cell lines.
Enzyme Regulation:
Present in an inactive conformation in the absence of bound ligand. KITLG/SCF binding leads to dimerization and activation by autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues. Activity is down-regulated by PRKCA-mediated phosphorylation on serine residues. Inhibited by imatinib/STI-571 (Gleevec) and sunitinib; these compounds maintain the kinase in an inactive conformation.
Molecular Function:
- Atp Binding
- Cytokine Binding
- Metal Ion Binding
- Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-Bisphosphate 3-Kinase Activity
- Protein Homodimerization Activity
- Protein Tyrosine Kinase Activity
- Ras Guanyl-Nucleotide Exchange Factor Activity
- Signal Transducer, Downstream Of Receptor, With Protein Tyrosine Kinase Activity
- Stem Cell Factor Receptor Activity
- Transmembrane Receptor Protein Tyrosine Kinase Activity
Biological Processes:
- Actin Cytoskeleton Reorganization
- Activation Of Mapk Activity
- Cell Chemotaxis
- Cellular Response To Thyroid Hormone Stimulus
- Cytokine-Mediated Signaling Pathway
- Dendritic Cell Cytokine Production
- Detection Of Mechanical Stimulus Involved In Sensory Perception Of Sound
- Digestive Tract Development
- Ectopic Germ Cell Programmed Cell Death
- Embryonic Hemopoiesis
- Epithelial Cell Proliferation
- Erythrocyte Differentiation
- Erythropoietin-Mediated Signaling Pathway
- Fc Receptor Signaling Pathway
- Germ Cell Migration
- Glycosphingolipid Metabolic Process
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Migration
- Hemopoiesis
- Immature B Cell Differentiation
- Inflammatory Response
- Kit Signaling Pathway
- Lamellipodium Assembly
- Lymphoid Progenitor Cell Differentiation
- Male Gonad Development
- Mapk Cascade
- Mast Cell Chemotaxis
- Mast Cell Cytokine Production
- Mast Cell Degranulation
- Mast Cell Differentiation
- Mast Cell Proliferation
- Megakaryocyte Development
- Melanocyte Adhesion
- Melanocyte Differentiation
- Melanocyte Migration
- Myeloid Progenitor Cell Differentiation
- Negative Regulation Of Programmed Cell Death
- Ovarian Follicle Development
- Peptidyl-Tyrosine Phosphorylation
- Phosphatidylinositol-Mediated Signaling
- Pigmentation
- Positive Regulation Of Cell Migration
- Positive Regulation Of Cell Proliferation
- Positive Regulation Of Gene Expression
- Positive Regulation Of Jak-Stat Cascade
- Positive Regulation Of Long-Term Neuronal Synaptic Plasticity
- Positive Regulation Of Mapk Cascade
- Positive Regulation Of Notch Signaling Pathway
- Positive Regulation Of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Activity
- Positive Regulation Of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Signaling
- Positive Regulation Of Phospholipase C Activity
- Positive Regulation Of Pseudopodium Assembly
- Positive Regulation Of Sequence-Specific Dna Binding Transcription Factor Activity
- Positive Regulation Of Tyrosine Phosphorylation Of Stat1 Protein
- Positive Regulation Of Tyrosine Phosphorylation Of Stat3 Protein
- Positive Regulation Of Tyrosine Phosphorylation Of Stat5 Protein
- Positive Regulation Of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation
- Protein Autophosphorylation
- Regulation Of Cell Proliferation
- Regulation Of Cell Shape
- Regulation Of Developmental Pigmentation
- Regulation Of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Signaling
- Signal Transduction
- Somatic Stem Cell Division
- Somatic Stem Cell Population Maintenance
- Spermatid Development
- Spermatogenesis
- Stem Cell Differentiation
- Stem Cell Population Maintenance
- T Cell Differentiation
- Visual Learning
Drug Bank:
- Imatinib
- Nilotinib
- Pazopanib
- Ponatinib
- Regorafenib
- Sorafenib
- Dasatinib
- Lenvatinib
- Sunitinib