Summary of HMGCR
The HMGCR gene encodes an enzyme called 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase) [R].
HMGCR is part of the process that creates cholesterol. It is, in fact, the rate-limiting enzyme for this process, meaning that if HMGCR slows down, cholesterol production as a whole slows down [R].
Normally, HMGCR activity is suppressed by cholesterol so that this enzyme doesn’t produce too much [R, R].
HMGCR is also part of T cell activation, making it important for immune function [R].
Variants in HMGCR have been linked to [R, R, R]:
- High cholesterol
- Ovarian cancer
- Alzheimer’s disease
Protein names
Recommended name:
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductaseAlternative name(s):
HMG-CoA reductase- RS10038095 (HMGCR) ??
- RS10045497 (HMGCR) ??
- RS12654264 (HMGCR) ??
- RS12916 (HMGCR) ??
- RS17238540 (HMGCR) ??
- RS17244841 (HMGCR) ??
- RS3761740 (HMGCR) ??
- RS3843482 (HMGCR) ??
- RS3846662 (HMGCR) ??
- RS3846663 (HMGCR) ??
- RS5908 (HMGCR) ??
- RS6871667 (HMGCR) ??
- RS7703051 (HMGCR) ??
To see your genotype, you should be logged in and have a file with your genotype uploaded.
Top Gene-Substance Interactions
HMGCR Interacts with These Diseases
| Disease | Score |
Substances That Increase HMGCR
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Substances That Decrease HMGCR
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Conditions with Increased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
|---|
Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
|---|
Technical
The following transcription factors affect gene expression:
Enzyme Regulation:
Regulated by a negative feedback mechanism through sterols and non-sterol metabolites derived from mevalonate. Inhibited by statins, a class of hypolipidemic agents used as pharmaceuticals to lower cholesterol levels in individuals at risk from cardiovascular disease due to hypercholesterolemia. Inhibition of HMGCR in the liver stimulates the LDL-receptors, which results in an increased clearance of LDL from the bloodstream and a decrease in blood cholesterol levels. The first results can be seen after one week of statin use and the effect is maximal after four to six weeks.
Molecular Function:
- Hydroxymethylglutaryl-Coa Reductase (Nadph) Activity
- Hydroxymethylglutaryl-Coa Reductase Activity
- Coenzyme Binding
- Nadph Binding
Biological Processes:
- Cholesterol Biosynthetic Process
- Ubiquinone Metabolic Process
- Aging
- Response To Nutrient
- Isoprenoid Biosynthetic Process
- Visual Learning
- Negative Regulation Of Striated Muscle Cell Apoptotic Process
- Positive Regulation Of Cardiac Muscle Cell Apoptotic Process
- Coenzyme A Metabolic Process
- Positive Regulation Of Stress-Activated Mapk Cascade
- Negative Regulation Of Map Kinase Activity
- Myoblast Differentiation
- Response To Ethanol
- Negative Regulation Of Vasodilation
- Positive Regulation Of Skeletal Muscle Tissue Development
- Positive Regulation Of Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation
- Protein Tetramerization
- Negative Regulation Of Wound Healing
- Negative Regulation Of Insulin Secretion Involved In Cellular Response To Glucose Stimulus
- Positive Regulation Of Erk1 And Erk2 Cascade
Drug Bank:
- Rosuvastatin
- Fluvastatin
- Lovastatin
- Pitavastatin
- Pravastatin
- Simvastatin
- Atorvastatin