Summary of HMGCR
This gene encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the rate limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis (R).
The Function of HMGCR
Transmembrane glycoprotein that is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis as well as in the biosynthesis of nonsterol isoprenoids that are essential for normal cell function including ubiquinone and geranylgeranyl proteins.
Protein names
Recommended name:
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductaseAlternative name(s):
HMG-CoA reductase- RS10038095 (HMGCR) ??
- RS10045497 (HMGCR) ??
- RS12654264 (HMGCR) ??
- RS12916 (HMGCR) ??
- RS17238540 (HMGCR) ??
- RS17244841 (HMGCR) ??
- RS3761740 (HMGCR) ??
- RS3843482 (HMGCR) ??
- RS3846662 (HMGCR) ??
- RS3846663 (HMGCR) ??
- RS5908 (HMGCR) ??
- RS6871667 (HMGCR) ??
- RS7703051 (HMGCR) ??
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Top Gene-Substance Interactions
HMGCR Interacts with These Diseases
| Disease | Score |
Substances That Increase HMGCR
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Substances That Decrease HMGCR
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Conditions with Increased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
|---|
Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
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Technical
The following transcription factors affect gene expression:
Enzyme Regulation:
Regulated by a negative feedback mechanism through sterols and non-sterol metabolites derived from mevalonate. Inhibited by statins, a class of hypolipidemic agents used as pharmaceuticals to lower cholesterol levels in individuals at risk from cardiovascular disease due to hypercholesterolemia. Inhibition of HMGCR in the liver stimulates the LDL-receptors, which results in an increased clearance of LDL from the bloodstream and a decrease in blood cholesterol levels. The first results can be seen after one week of statin use and the effect is maximal after four to six weeks.
Molecular Function:
- Coenzyme Binding
- Hydroxymethylglutaryl-Coa Reductase (Nadph) Activity
- Hydroxymethylglutaryl-Coa Reductase Activity
- Nadph Binding
Biological Processes:
- Aging
- Cholesterol Biosynthetic Process
- Coenzyme A Metabolic Process
- Isoprenoid Biosynthetic Process
- Myoblast Differentiation
- Negative Regulation Of Insulin Secretion Involved In Cellular Response To Glucose Stimulus
- Negative Regulation Of Map Kinase Activity
- Negative Regulation Of Striated Muscle Cell Apoptotic Process
- Negative Regulation Of Vasodilation
- Negative Regulation Of Wound Healing
- Positive Regulation Of Cardiac Muscle Cell Apoptotic Process
- Positive Regulation Of Erk1 And Erk2 Cascade
- Positive Regulation Of Skeletal Muscle Tissue Development
- Positive Regulation Of Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation
- Positive Regulation Of Stress-Activated Mapk Cascade
- Protein Tetramerization
- Response To Ethanol
- Response To Nutrient
- Ubiquinone Metabolic Process
- Visual Learning
Drug Bank:
- Rosuvastatin
- Fluvastatin
- Lovastatin
- Pitavastatin
- Pravastatin
- Simvastatin
- Atorvastatin