The following transcription factors affect gene expression:

Tissue specificity:

Highly expressed in prostate epithelium. Detected in urinary bladder, kidney, testis, ovary, fallopian tube, breast, adrenal gland, liver, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon and brain (at protein level). Detected in the small intestine, brain, kidney, liver, spleen, colon, trachea, spinal cord and the capillary endothelium of a variety of tumors. Expressed specifically in jejunum brush border membranes. In the brain, highly expressed in the ventral striatum and brain stem. Also expressed in fetal liver and kidney. Isoform PSMA' is the most abundant form in normal prostate. Isoform PSMA-1 is the most abundant form in primary prostate tumors. Isoform PSMA-3 is also found in normal prostate as well as in brain and liver. Isoform PSMA-9 is specifically expressed in prostate cancer.

Induction:

In the prostate, up-regulated in response to androgen deprivation.

Enzyme Regulation:

The NAALADase activity is inhibited by beta-NAAG, quisqualic acid, 2-(phosphonomethyl) pentanedioic acid (PMPA) and EDTA. Activated by cobalt.

Cofactor:

Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit. Required for NAALADase activity.

Molecular Function:

• Ac-Asp-Glu Binding
• Dipeptidase Activity
• Metal Ion Binding
• Metallocarboxypeptidase Activity
• Peptidase Activity
• Tetrahydrofolyl-Poly(Glutamate) Polymer Binding

Biological Processes:

• Cellular Amino Acid Biosynthetic Process
• C-Terminal Protein Deglutamylation
• Folic Acid-Containing Compound Metabolic Process
• Proteolysis

Drug Bank:

• Capromab