The Function of EPHA2
Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously membrane-bound ephrin-A family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Activated by the ligand ephrin-A1/EFNA1 regulates migration, integrin-mediated adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of cells. Regulates cell adhesion and differentiation through DSG1/desmoglein-1 and inhibition of the ERK1/ERK2 (MAPK3/MAPK1, respectively) signaling pathway. May also participate in UV radiation-induced apoptosis and have a ligand-independent stimulatory effect on chemotactic cell migration. During development, may function in distinctive aspects of pattern formation and subsequently in development of several fetal tissues. Involved for instance in angiogenesis, in early hindbrain development and epithelial proliferation and branching morphogenesis during mammary gland development. Engaged by the ligand ephrin-A5/EFNA5 may regulate lens fiber cells shape and interactions and be important for lens transparency development and maintenance. With ephrin-A2/EFNA2 may play a role in bone remodeling through regulation of osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis.
Protein names
Recommended name:
Ephrin type-A receptor 2Alternative name(s):
Epithelial cell kinaseTyrosine-protein kinase receptor ECK
- RS3754334 (EPHA2) ??
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Top Gene-Substance Interactions
EPHA2 Interacts with These Diseases
Disease | Score |
Substances That Increase EPHA2
Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Substances That Decrease EPHA2
Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Advanced Summary
From NCBI Gene: Cataract 6From UniProt: Overexpressed in several cancer types and promotes malignancy. Cataract 6, multiple types (CTRCT6): An opacification of the crystalline lens of the eye that frequently results in visual impairment or blindness. Opacities vary in morphology, are often confined to a portion of the lens, and may be static or progressive. CTRCT6 includes posterior polar and age-related cortical cataracts, among others. Posterior polar cataract is a subcapsular opacity, usually disk-shaped, located at the back of the lens. Age-related cortical cataract is a developmental punctate opacity restricted to the cortex. The cataract is white or cerulean, increases in number with age, but rarely affects vision. [MIM:116600]
From NCBI Gene: This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated in mediating developmental events, particularly in the nervous system. Receptors in the EPH subfamily typically have a single kinase domain and an extracellular region containing a Cys-rich domain and 2 fibronectin type III repeats. The ephrin receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. This gene encodes a protein that binds ephrin-A ligands. Mutations in this gene are the cause of certain genetically-related cataract disorders.[provided by RefSeq, May 2010] From UniProt: Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously membrane-bound ephrin-A family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Activated by the ligand ephrin-A1/EFNA1 regulates migration, integrin-mediated adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of cells. Regulates cell adhesion and differentiation through DSG1/desmoglein-1 and inhibition of the ERK1/ERK2 (MAPK3/MAPK1, respectively) signaling pathway. May also participate in UV radiation-induced apoptosis and have a ligand-independent stimulatory effect on chemotactic cell migration. During development, may function in distinctive aspects of pattern formation and subsequently in development of several fetal tissues. Involved for instance in angiogenesis, in early hindbrain development and epithelial proliferation and branching morphogenesis during mammary gland development. Engaged by the ligand ephrin-A5/EFNA5 may regulate lens fiber cells shape and interactions and be important for lens transparency development and maintenance. With ephrin-A2/EFNA2 may play a role in bone remodeling through regulation of osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis.
Conditions with Increased Gene Activity
Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
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Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity
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Technical
The following transcription factors affect gene expression:
Tissue specificity:
Expressed in brain and glioma tissue and glioma cell lines (at protein level). Expressed most highly in tissues that contain a high proportion of epithelial cells, e.g. skin, intestine, lung, and ovary.
Gene Pathways:
Induction:
Up-regulated by UV irradiation via a TP53-independent, MAPK-dependent mechanism.
Molecular Function:
- Atp Binding
- Cadherin Binding Involved In Cell-Cell Adhesion
- Ephrin Receptor Activity
- Transmembrane Receptor Protein Tyrosine Kinase Activity
Biological Processes:
- Activation Of Gtpase Activity
- Axial Mesoderm Formation
- Blood Vessel Endothelial Cell Proliferation Involved In Sprouting Angiogenesis
- Bone Remodeling
- Branching Involved In Mammary Gland Duct Morphogenesis
- Camp Metabolic Process
- Cell Chemotaxis
- Cell Motility
- Defense Response To Gram-Positive Bacterium
- Ephrin Receptor Signaling Pathway
- Inflammatory Response
- Intrinsic Apoptotic Signaling Pathway In Response To Dna Damage
- Keratinocyte Differentiation
- Lens Fiber Cell Morphogenesis
- Mammary Gland Epithelial Cell Proliferation
- Multicellular Organism Development
- Negative Regulation Of Angiogenesis
- Negative Regulation Of Chemokine Production
- Negative Regulation Of Lymphangiogenesis
- Negative Regulation Of Protein Kinase B Signaling
- Neural Tube Development
- Neuron Differentiation
- Notochord Cell Development
- Notochord Formation
- Osteoblast Differentiation
- Osteoclast Differentiation
- Pericyte Cell Differentiation
- Positive Regulation Of Establishment Of Protein Localization To Plasma Membrane
- Post-Anal Tail Morphogenesis
- Protein Kinase B Signaling
- Regulation Of Angiogenesis
- Regulation Of Blood Vessel Endothelial Cell Migration
- Regulation Of Cell Adhesion Mediated By Integrin
- Regulation Of Erk1 And Erk2 Cascade
- Regulation Of Lamellipodium Assembly
- Response To Growth Factor
- Skeletal System Development
- Vasculogenesis
- Viral Process
- Angiogenesis