Disease	Score

Substances	Interaction	Organism	Category

Substances	Interaction	Organism	Category

     Hirschsprung disease More than 30 mutations in the EDNRB gene have been found to cause Hirschsprung disease, a disorder that causes severe constipation or blockage of the intestine. Although Hirschsprung disease is a feature of another condition called Waardenburg syndrome type IV (described below), EDNRB gene mutations can also cause Hirschsprung disease in people without Waardenburg syndrome. People with a mutation in one of the two copies of the EDNRB gene tend to develop Hirschsprung disease, while people with mutations in both copies of the gene usually develop Waardenburg syndrome type IV. Most of these mutations change single DNA building blocks (nucleotides) in the gene. Changes in the EDNRB gene disrupt the normal function of endothelin receptor type B, preventing it from playing its usual role in the development of enteric nerves. As a result, these cells do not form normally during embryonic development. A lack of enteric nerves prevents stool from being moved through the intestine normally, leading to severe constipation or intestinal blockage. Waardenburg syndrome More than a dozen mutations in the EDNRB gene have been identified in people with Waardenburg syndrome type IV (also known as Waardenburg-Shah syndrome). This type of Waardenburg syndrome is characterized by changes in skin, hair, and eye coloring; hearing loss; and Hirschsprung disease. Mutations in the EDNRB gene disrupt the normal function of endothelin receptor type B or lead to the production of an abnormally small, nonfunctional version of the protein. Because the receptor is necessary for the formation of enteric nerves and melanocytes, these cell types do not form normally during embryonic development. Missing enteric nerves in certain parts of the intestine cause the signs and symptoms of Hirschsprung disease. A lack of melanocytes affects the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes and causes the hearing loss characteristic of Waardenburg syndrome. cancers Several studies have suggested that inherited variations in the EDNRB gene may be associated with an increased risk of melanoma, a common form of skin cancer that begins in melanocytes. However, other studies have not shown this association, and this gene's role in cancer risk remains unclear.

     The EDNRB gene provides instructions for making a protein called endothelin receptor type B. This protein is located on the surface of cells and functions as a signaling mechanism, transmitting information from outside the cell to inside the cell. The receptor interacts with proteins called endothelins to regulate several critical biological processes, including the development and function of blood vessels, the production of certain hormones, and the stimulation of cell growth and division. Endothelin 3 (produced from the EDN3 gene) is one of the proteins that interacts with endothelin receptor type B. During early development before birth (embryonic development), endothelin 3 and endothelin receptor type B together play an important role in neural crest cells. These cells migrate from the developing spinal cord to specific regions in the embryo, where they give rise to many different types of cells. In particular, endothelin 3 and endothelin receptor type B are essential for the formation of nerves in the intestine (enteric nerves) and for the production of specialized cells called melanocytes. Melanocytes produce melanin, a pigment that contributes to skin, hair, and eye color. Melanin is also involved in the normal function of the inner ear.

Condition	Change (log2fold)	Comparison	Species	Experimental variables	Experiment name

Condition	Change (log2fold)	Comparison	Species	Experimental variables	Experiment name

The following transcription factors affect gene expression:

• NF-kappaB
• AP-1
• c-Jun
• NF-kappaB1
• Sp1

Tissue specificity:

Expressed in placental stem villi vessels, but not in cultured placental villi smooth muscle cells.

Molecular Function:

• Endothelin Receptor Activity
• Peptide Hormone Binding

Biological Processes:

• Negative Regulation Of Transcription From Rna Polymerase Ii Promoter
• Neural Crest Cell Migration
• Positive Regulation Of Protein Phosphorylation
• Regulation Of Ph
• Cell Surface Receptor Signaling Pathway
• Negative Regulation Of Adenylate Cyclase Activity
• Phospholipase C-Activating G-Protein Coupled Receptor Signaling Pathway
• Positive Regulation Of Cytosolic Calcium Ion Concentration
• Nervous System Development
• Peripheral Nervous System Development
• Posterior Midgut Development
• Aging
• Regulation Of Blood Pressure
• Positive Regulation Of Cell Proliferation
• Negative Regulation Of Neuron Maturation
• Response To Organic Cyclic Compound
• Vein Smooth Muscle Contraction
• Sensory Perception Of Pain
• Cgmp-Mediated Signaling
• Melanocyte Differentiation
• Regulation Of Fever Generation
• Negative Regulation Of Cellular Protein Metabolic Process
• Enteric Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation
• Positive Regulation Of Urine Volume
• Positive Regulation Of Renal Sodium Excretion
• Epithelial Fluid Transport
• Vasoconstriction
• Vasodilation
• Negative Regulation Of Apoptotic Process
• Macrophage Chemotaxis
• Response To Pain
• Enteric Nervous System Development
• Regulation Of Epithelial Cell Proliferation
• Regulation Of Sensory Perception Of Pain
• Positive Regulation Of Penile Erection
• Cellular Response To Lipopolysaccharide
• Endothelin Receptor Signaling Pathway

Drug Bank:

• Sitaxentan
• Macitentan
• Ambrisentan
• Bosentan

*synonyms