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  3. CHRNG

CHRNG (Cholinergic receptor nicotinic gamma subunit)

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Summary of CHRNG

The CHRNG gene encodes the gamma protein part of the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) protein. The AChR protein is needed for signaling between nerve and muscle cells (R). 

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The Function of CHRNG

After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane.

Protein names

Recommended name:

Acetylcholine receptor subunit gamma

CHRNG SNPs

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  1. RS1881492 (CHRNG) ??

Top Gene-Substance Interactions

Substances That Increase CHRNG

Substances Interaction Organism Category

Substances That Decrease CHRNG

Substances Interaction Organism Category

Advanced Summary

     multiple pterygium syndrome At least 14 mutations in the CHRNG gene have been found to cause multiple pterygium syndrome, a condition characterized by webbing of the skin (pterygium) and a lack of muscle movement (akinesia) before birth. These mutations include replacing, adding, or deleting DNA building blocks (nucleotides). CHRNG gene mutations result in an impaired or missing γ subunit. The severity of the CHRNG gene mutation influences the severity of the condition. Typically, mutations that prevent the production of any γ subunit will result in lethal multiple pterygium syndrome, which is fatal before birth, while mutations that allow the production of some γ subunit will lead to the milder form of this condition called multiple pterygium syndrome, Escobar type. A shortage of a functional γ subunit prevents the fetal AChR protein from being assembled or properly placed in the muscle cell membrane. As a result, the fetal AChR protein cannot function and the communication between nerve and muscle cells in the developing fetus is impaired. A lack of signaling between nerve and muscle cells leads to akinesia and pterygium before birth, and many of the other signs and symptoms of multiple pterygium syndrome.

     The CHRNG gene provides instructions for making the gamma (γ) protein component (subunit) of the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) protein. The AChR protein is found in the membrane of skeletal muscle cells and is critical for signaling between nerve and muscle cells. Signaling between these cells is necessary for movement. The AChR protein consists of five subunits, each of which is produced from a different gene. The subunits are assembled into the AChR protein in the endoplasmic reticulum, a cell structure involved in protein processing and transport, before being transported to the cell membrane. The γ subunit is found only in the fetal AChR protein. At about the thirty-third week of pregnancy, the γ subunit is replaced by the epsilon (ε) subunit, which is produced by the CHRNE gene, to form the adult AChR protein.

Conditions with Increased Gene Activity

Condition Change (log2fold) Comparison Species Experimental variables Experiment name

Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity

Condition Change (log2fold) Comparison Species Experimental variables Experiment name

Technical

The following transcription factors affect gene expression:

  • HNF-1A
  • Egr-1
  • CREB
  • deltaCREB
  • HNF-1
  • C/EBPalpha
  • Roaz
  • Msx-1

Gene Pathways:

  • Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction
  • Neuronal System

Molecular Function:

  • Acetylcholine-Activated Cation-Selective Channel Activity
  • Acetylcholine Receptor Activity
  • Channel Activity
  • Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Activity

Biological Processes:

  • Cation Transmembrane Transport
  • Muscle Contraction
  • Neuromuscular Synaptic Transmission
  • Response To Nicotine
  • Signal Transduction
  • Synaptic Transmission, Cholinergic
  • Transport

Drug Bank:

  • Galantamine
*synonyms

Synonyms/Aliases/Alternative Names of the Gene:

hypothetical protein| AChR| cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, delta (muscle)| cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, gamma (muscle)| acetocholine receptor gamma-subunit| acetylcholine receptor gamma-subunit| acetylcholine receptor, muscle, gamma subunit| acetylcholine receptor, nicotinic, gamma (muscle)| Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta| Acetylcholine receptor subunit gamma| Achr-3| ACHRG| AChr gamma| AChR gamma subunit| Acrg| AS27_10217| CB1_001451047| cholinergic receptor, nicotinic gamma| cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, gamma| cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, gamma like| cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, gamma polypeptide| CHRND| chrngl| chrng variant N1| chrng variant N2| D623_10015502| H920_08511| I79_022260| M91_21241| M959_04613| MDA_GLEAN10026074| N300_13370| N301_05133| N302_03770| N303_10270| N305_01871| N306_03977| N307_05245| N308_13887| N309_14260| N310_14011| N311_12471| N312_09379| N320_10323| N321_09430| N324_03876| N325_12845| N327_03705| N328_06787| N330_10250| N334_09519| N335_03405| N341_08868| nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gamma subunit| nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit gamma| PAL_GLEAN10014284| PANDA_006385| TREES_T100019098| UY3_15413| Y1Q_017744| Y956_07148| Z169_03245| chrng

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