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  3. CHI3L1

CHI3L1 (Chitinase 3 like 1)

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Summary of CHI3L1

This gene encodes a protein that is thought to play a role in the process of inflammation and tissue remodeling (R). 

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The Function of CHI3L1

Carbohydrate-binding lectin with a preference for chitin. Has no chitinase activity. May play a role in tissue remodeling and in the capacity of cells to respond to and cope with changes in their environment. Plays a role in T-helper cell type 2 (Th2) inflammatory response and IL-13-induced inflammation, regulating allergen sensitization, inflammatory cell apoptosis, dendritic cell accumulation and M2 macrophage differentiation. Facilitates invasion of pathogenic enteric bacteria into colonic mucosa and lymphoid organs. Mediates activation of AKT1 signaling pathway and subsequent IL8 production in colonic epithelial cells. Regulates antibacterial responses in lung by contributing to macrophage bacterial killing, controlling bacterial dissemination and augmenting host tolerance. Also regulates hyperoxia-induced injury, inflammation and epithelial apoptosis in lung.

Protein names

Recommended name:

Chitinase-3-like protein 1

Short name:

GP-39

Alternative name(s):

39 kDa synovial protein
Cartilage glycoprotein 39
CGP-39
hCGP-39
YKL-40

CHI3L1 SNPs

    To see your genotype, you should be logged in and have a file with your genotype uploaded.

  1. RS10399805 (CHI3L1) ??
  2. RS10399931 (CHI3L1) ??
  3. RS115384187 (CHI3L1) ??
  4. RS2275351 (CHI3L1) ??
  5. RS4950928 (CHI3L1) ??
  6. RS6691378 (CHI3L1) ??

Top Gene-Substance Interactions

CHI3L1 Interacts with These Diseases

Disease Score

Substances That Increase CHI3L1

Substances Interaction Organism Category

Substances That Decrease CHI3L1

Substances Interaction Organism Category

Advanced Summary

     From NCBI Gene: ASTHMA-RELATED TRAITS, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 7SchizophreniaFrom UniProt: Asthma-related traits 7 (ASRT7): Asthma-related traits include clinical symptoms of asthma, such as coughing, wheezing, dyspnea, bronchial hyperresponsiveness as assessed by methacholine challenge test, serum IgE levels, atopy and atopic dermatitis. [MIM:611960]

     From NCBI Gene: Chitinases catalyze the hydrolysis of chitin, which is an abundant glycopolymer found in insect exoskeletons and fungal cell walls. The glycoside hydrolase 18 family of chitinases includes eight human family members. This gene encodes a glycoprotein member of the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. The protein lacks chitinase activity and is secreted by activated macrophages, chondrocytes, neutrophils and synovial cells. The protein is thought to play a role in the process of inflammation and tissue remodeling. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009] From UniProt: Carbohydrate-binding lectin with a preference for chitin. Has no chitinase activity. May play a role in tissue remodeling and in the capacity of cells to respond to and cope with changes in their environment. Plays a role in T-helper cell type 2 (Th2) inflammatory response and IL-13-induced inflammation, regulating allergen sensitization, inflammatory cell apoptosis, dendritic cell accumulation and M2 macrophage differentiation. Facilitates invasion of pathogenic enteric bacteria into colonic mucosa and lymphoid organs. Mediates activation of AKT1 signaling pathway and subsequent IL8 production in colonic epithelial cells. Regulates antibacterial responses in lung by contributing to macrophage bacterial killing, controlling bacterial dissemination and augmenting host tolerance. Also regulates hyperoxia-induced injury, inflammation and epithelial apoptosis in lung.

Conditions with Increased Gene Activity

Condition Change (log2fold) Comparison Species Experimental variables Experiment name

Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity

Condition Change (log2fold) Comparison Species Experimental variables Experiment name

Technical

The following transcription factors affect gene expression:

  • AP-1
  • c-Jun
  • Sox9

Tissue specificity:

Present in activated macrophages, articular chondrocytes, synovial cells as well as in liver. Very low or undetectable expression in non-inflammatory colon. Undetectable in muscle tissues, lung, pancreas, mononuclear cells, or fibroblasts.

Gene Pathways:

  • Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism

Induction:

Up-regulated in colon under several inflammatory conditions. Down-regulated by hyperoxia in bronchial epithelial cells.

Caution:

Although it belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family, Leu-140 is present instead of the conserved Glu which is an active site residue. Therefore this protein lacks chitinase activity.

Molecular Function:

  • Carbohydrate Binding
  • Chitin Binding
  • Extracellular Matrix Structural Constituent
  • Hydrolase Activity, Hydrolyzing O-Glycosyl Compounds

Biological Processes:

  • Activation Of Nf-Kappab-Inducing Kinase Activity
  • Apoptotic Process
  • Carbohydrate Metabolic Process
  • Cartilage Development
  • Cellular Response To Interleukin-1
  • Cellular Response To Tumor Necrosis Factor
  • Inflammatory Response
  • Interleukin-8 Secretion
  • Lung Development
  • Positive Regulation Of Angiogenesis
  • Positive Regulation Of Erk1 And Erk2 Cascade
  • Positive Regulation Of Peptidyl-Threonine Phosphorylation
  • Positive Regulation Of Protein Kinase B Signaling
  • Response To Interleukin-1
  • Response To Interleukin-6
  • Response To Mechanical Stimulus
  • Response To Tumor Necrosis Factor
*synonyms

Synonyms/Aliases/Alternative Names of the Gene:

hypothetical protein| GP39| 38 kDa heparin-binding glycoprotein| 39 kDa synovial protein| 39 kDa whey protein| 40 kDa secretory signalling glycoprotein| ASRT7| BP40| cartilage glycoprotein 39| cartilage glycoprotein-39| CGP-39| Chil1| chitinase 3-like 1 (cartilage glycoprotein-39)| chitinase-3-like 1 precursor-like protein| chitinase 3-like 1 protein| chitinase-3-like protein 1| chitinase-like protein 1| CLP-1| D623_10008178| GP38K| GP-39| H920_14194| hCGP-39| HC-gp39| HCGP-3P| M91_14771| mammary gland protein| mammary gland protein 40| MDA_GLEAN10006290| MGP-40| PANDA_015006| signal processing protein| signal-processing protein| SPC-40| SPS-40| YKL40| YKL-40| YYL-40| chi3l1

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