Summary of CD14
The CD14 gene encodes the monocyte differentiation antigen, also called CD14 [R].
CD14 sits on the surface of monocytes and macrophages. These are white blood cells that recognize invading pathogens and destroy them. CD14 recognizes proteins on the surface of bacteria and viruses and signals the immune system to respond [R, R].
CD14 may worsen symptoms in people with COVID-19. It amplifies the immune response, which can lead to a cytokine storm. This inflammatory reaction can be extremely dangerous, increasing the risk of death from infection. Some experimental treatments for COVID-19 have targeted CD14 for this reason [R, R].
Variants in CD14 have been linked to [R, R, R]:
- Severity of viral infections
- Heart disease
- Asthma
Protein names
Recommended name:
Monocyte differentiation antigen CD14Alternative name(s):
Myeloid cell-specific leucine-rich glycoproteinCD antigen CD14
- RS2569190 (CD14) ??
- RS5744455 (CD14) ??
To see your genotype, you should be logged in and have a file with your genotype uploaded.
Top Gene-Substance Interactions
CD14 Interacts with These Diseases
| Disease | Score |
Substances That Increase CD14
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Substances That Decrease CD14
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Conditions with Increased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
|---|
Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
|---|
Technical
The following transcription factors affect gene expression:
Tissue specificity:
Detected on macrophages (at protein level) (PubMed:1698311). Expressed strongly on the surface of monocytes and weakly on the surface of granulocytes; also expressed by most tissue macrophages.
Gene Pathways:
Induction:
The expression in monocytes is highly induced by 27-hydroxycholesterol, priming monocytes/macrophages such that LPS-mediated inflammatory reaction is accelerated. Secretion of soluble CD14 is also enhanced.
Molecular Function:
- Lipopolysaccharide Binding
- Opsonin Receptor Activity
- Peptidoglycan Receptor Activity
- Lipoteichoic Acid Binding
Biological Processes:
- Myd88-Dependent Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathway
- Myd88-Independent Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathway
- Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis
- Phagocytosis
- Apoptotic Process
- Inflammatory Response
- Cell Surface Receptor Signaling Pathway
- I-Kappab Kinase/Nf-Kappab Signaling
- Response To Heat
- Lipopolysaccharide-Mediated Signaling Pathway
- Response To Magnesium Ion
- Positive Regulation Of Type I Interferon Production
- Positive Regulation Of Interferon-Gamma Production
- Positive Regulation Of Tumor Necrosis Factor Production
- Negative Regulation Of Myd88-Independent Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathway
- Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling Pathway
- Response To Tumor Necrosis Factor
- Trif-Dependent Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathway
- Toll-Like Receptor Tlr1:Tlr2 Signaling Pathway
- Toll-Like Receptor Tlr6:Tlr2 Signaling Pathway
- Innate Immune Response
- Response To Ethanol
- Positive Regulation Of Endocytosis
- Positive Regulation Of Cytokine Secretion
- Response To Electrical Stimulus
- Necroptotic Process
- Cellular Response To Lipopolysaccharide
- Cellular Response To Lipoteichoic Acid
- Cellular Response To Diacyl Bacterial Lipopeptide
- Cellular Response To Triacyl Bacterial Lipopeptide
- Apoptotic Signaling Pathway