The Function of CCL5
Chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T-helper cells and eosinophils. Causes the release of histamine from basophils and activates eosinophils. May activate several chemokine receptors including CCR1, CCR3, CCR4 and CCR5. One of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T-cells. Recombinant RANTES protein induces a dose-dependent inhibition of different strains of HIV-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The processed form RANTES(3-68) acts as a natural chemotaxis inhibitor and is a more potent inhibitor of HIV-1-infection. The second processed form RANTES(4-68) exhibits reduced chemotactic and HIV-suppressive activity compared with RANTES(1-68) and RANTES(3-68) and is generated by an unidentified enzyme associated with monocytes and neutrophils (PubMed:16791620, PubMed:1380064, PubMed:8525373, PubMed:9516414, PubMed:15923218). May also be an agonist of the G protein-coupled receptor GPR75, stimulating inositol trisphosphate production and calcium mobilization through its activation. Together with GPR75, may play a role in neuron survival through activation of a downstream signaling pathway involving the PI3, Akt and MAP kinases. By activating GPR75 may also play a role in insulin secretion by islet cells (PubMed:23979485).
Protein names
Recommended name:
C-C motif chemokine 5Alternative name(s):
EoCPEosinophil chemotactic cytokine
SIS-delta
Small-inducible cytokine A5
T cell-specific protein P228
TCP228
T-cell-specific protein RANTES
3-68
4-68
- RS2107538 (CCL5) ??
- RS2280788 (CCL5) ??
- RS2280789 (CCL5) ??
- RS3817655 (CCL5) ??
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Top Gene-Substance Interactions
CCL5 Interacts with These Diseases
| Disease | Score |
Substances That Increase CCL5
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Substances That Decrease CCL5
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Conditions with Increased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
|---|
Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
|---|
Technical
The following transcription factors affect gene expression:
Tissue specificity:
Expressed in the follicular fluid (at protein level). T-cell and macrophage specific.
Gene Pathways:
- Signal Transduction
- Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
- Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway
- Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
- Chemokine signaling pathway
- Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)
- Epithelial cell signaling in Helicobacter pylori infection
- NOD-like receptor signaling pathway
- Prion diseases
- Rheumatoid arthritis
Induction:
By mitogens.
Molecular Function:
- Phosphatidylinositol Phospholipase C Activity
- Chemokine Activity
- Heparin Binding
- Phospholipase Activator Activity
- Receptor Signaling Protein Tyrosine Kinase Activator Activity
- Ccr1 Chemokine Receptor Binding
- Ccr4 Chemokine Receptor Binding
- Ccr5 Chemokine Receptor Binding
- Chemoattractant Activity
- Chemokine Receptor Binding
- Protein Homodimerization Activity
- Protein Self-Association
- Chemokine Receptor Antagonist Activity
Biological Processes:
- Mapk Cascade
- Dendritic Cell Chemotaxis
- Chronic Inflammatory Response
- Monocyte Chemotaxis
- Regulation Of Chronic Inflammatory Response
- Calcium Ion Transport
- Cellular Calcium Ion Homeostasis
- Exocytosis
- Chemotaxis
- Inflammatory Response
- Leukocyte Cell-Cell Adhesion
- G-Protein Coupled Receptor Signaling Pathway
- Cell-Cell Signaling
- Aging
- Response To Virus
- Response To Toxic Substance
- Response To Salt Stress
- Positive Regulation Of Activation Of Jak2 Kinase Activity
- Positive Regulation Of Macrophage Chemotaxis
- Positive Regulation Of T Cell Chemotaxis
- Positive Regulation Of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Signaling
- Positive Regulation Of Smooth Muscle Cell Migration
- Dibenzo-P-Dioxin Metabolic Process
- Positive Regulation Of Cell Migration
- Neutrophil Chemotaxis
- Positive Regulation Of Cellular Biosynthetic Process
- Activation Of Phospholipase D Activity
- Positive Regulation Of Fever Generation
- Lipopolysaccharide-Mediated Signaling Pathway
- Response To Insulin
- Positive Regulation Of Cell-Cell Adhesion Mediated By Integrin
- Positive Regulation Of Homotypic Cell-Cell Adhesion
- Positive Regulation Of T Cell Proliferation
- Neutrophil Activation
- Positive Regulation Of Phosphorylation
- Positive Regulation Of Tyrosine Phosphorylation Of Stat Protein
- Protein Kinase B Signaling
- Positive Regulation Of Gtpase Activity
- Cellular Protein Complex Assembly
- Response To Estrogen
- Negative Regulation By Host Of Viral Transcription
- Cellular Response To Fibroblast Growth Factor Stimulus
- Positive Regulation Of Viral Genome Replication
- Negative Regulation Of Viral Genome Replication
- Positive Regulation Of Innate Immune Response
- Positive Regulation Of Neuron Differentiation
- Positive Regulation Of Osteoclast Differentiation
- Negative Regulation Of G-Protein Coupled Receptor Protein Signaling Pathway
- Positive Regulation Of Angiogenesis
- Positive Regulation Of Cell Adhesion
- Positive Regulation Of Translational Initiation
- Positive Regulation Of Jak-Stat Cascade
- Eosinophil Chemotaxis
- Macrophage Chemotaxis
- Lymphocyte Chemotaxis
- Positive Regulation Of Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation
- Positive Regulation Of Epithelial Cell Proliferation
- Positive Regulation Of Inflammatory Response
- Regulation Of Insulin Secretion
- Regulation Of T Cell Activation
- Protein Tetramerization
- Response To Glucocorticoid
- Positive Regulation Of Calcium Ion Transport
- Positive Regulation Of Mast Cell Chemotaxis
- Chemokine-Mediated Signaling Pathway
- Negative Regulation Of T Cell Apoptotic Process
- Positive Regulation Of T Cell Apoptotic Process
- Positive Regulation Of Erk1 And Erk2 Cascade
- Response To Cholesterol
- Cellular Response To Amino Acid Stimulus
- Cellular Response To Vitamin K
- Cellular Response To Morphine
- Cellular Response To Interferon-Gamma
- Cellular Response To Interleukin-1
- Cellular Response To Tumor Necrosis Factor
- Cellular Response To Ethanol
- Cellular Response To High Density Lipoprotein Particle Stimulus
- Cellular Response To Organic Cyclic Compound
- Cellular Response To Alkyl Hydroperoxide
- Cellular Response To Transforming Growth Factor Beta Stimulus
- Positive Regulation Of Monocyte Chemotaxis
- Regulation Of Neuron Death
- Negative Regulation Of Neuron Death
- Negative Regulation Of Macrophage Apoptotic Process
- Positive Regulation Of T Cell Migration
- Positive Regulation Of Natural Killer Cell Chemotaxis