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  3. A2M

A2M (Alpha-2-macroglobulin)

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The Function of A2M

Is able to inhibit all four classes of proteinases by a unique 'trapping' mechanism. This protein has a peptide stretch, called the 'bait region' which contains specific cleavage sites for different proteinases. When a proteinase cleaves the bait region, a conformational change is induced in the protein which traps the proteinase. The entrapped enzyme remains active against low molecular weight substrates (activity against high molecular weight substrates is greatly reduced). Following cleavage in the bait region a thioester bond is hydrolyzed and mediates the covalent binding of the protein to the proteinase.

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Protein names

Recommended name:

Alpha-2-macroglobulin

Alternative name(s):

Alpha-2-M
C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 5

A2M SNPs

    To see your genotype, you should be logged in and have a file with your genotype uploaded.

  1. RS11609582 (A2M) ??
  2. RS669 (A2M) ??

Top Gene-Substance Interactions

A2M Interacts with These Diseases

Disease Score

Substances That Increase A2M

Substances Interaction Organism Category

Substances That Decrease A2M

Substances Interaction Organism Category

Conditions with Increased Gene Activity

Condition Change (log2fold) Comparison Species Experimental variables Experiment name

Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity

Condition Change (log2fold) Comparison Species Experimental variables Experiment name

Technical

The following transcription factors affect gene expression:

  • GR
  • GR-alpha
  • GR-beta
  • p53
  • Egr-1
  • CREB
  • deltaCREB

Tissue specificity:

Secreted in plasma.

Gene Pathways:

  • Signal Transduction
  • Hemostasis
  • Extracellular matrix organization
  • Complement and coagulation cascades

Developmental stage:

Contrary to the rat protein, which is an acute phase protein, this protein is always present at high levels in circulation.

Molecular Function:

  • Calcium-Dependent Protein Binding
  • Enzyme Binding
  • Growth Factor Binding
  • Gtpase Activator Activity
  • Interleukin-1 Binding
  • Interleukin-8 Binding
  • Protease Binding
  • Receptor Binding
  • Serine-Type Endopeptidase Inhibitor Activity
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor Binding

Biological Processes:

  • Blood Coagulation, Intrinsic Pathway
  • Extracellular Matrix Disassembly
  • Negative Regulation Of Complement Activation, Lectin Pathway
  • Platelet Degranulation
  • Regulation Of Small Gtpase Mediated Signal Transduction
  • Stem Cell Differentiation

Drug Bank:

  • Becaplermin
  • Ocriplasmin
  • Bacitracin
*synonyms

Synonyms/Aliases/Alternative Names of the Gene:

hypothetical protein| A2m1| A2maa| A2MAC1| A2mb| A2MD| A2mp| alpha 2m| alpha-2-M| Alpha2-macroglobulin| alpha-2-macroglobulin homologue| alpha-2-macroglobulin-P| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 10| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 11| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 12| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 13| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 14| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 15| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 16| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 17| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 18| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 19| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 2| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 21| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 23| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 3| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 4| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 5| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 6| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 7| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 8| alpha-2-macroglobulin variant 9| AS27_14261| AS28_11805| C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 5| CD109| cpamd5| Edd| endod| endodermin| fwp007| M959_01591| Mam| N301_12834| N302_10767| N303_01487| N305_14287| N320_06746| N325_05668| N326_11017| N335_04231| PAL_GLEAN10015607| s863-7| TREES_T100018846| Z169_08822| a2m

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