Summary of NAT2
NAT2 codes for enzyme N-acetyltransferase 2 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase) which activates or deactivates arylamine and hydrazine drugs and carcinogens. NAT2 enzyme breaks down breaks down chemicals by adding the negatively charged acetyl chemical group, which causes the chemicals molecules to change shapes in ways that change their effects on the body. [R, R2]
The Function of NAT2
Participates in the detoxification of a plethora of hydrazine and arylamine drugs. Catalyzes the N- or O-acetylation of various arylamine and heterocyclic amine substrates and is able to bioactivate several known carcinogens.
Protein names
Recommended name:
Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2Short name:
PNATAlternative name(s):
Arylamide acetylase 2N-acetyltransferase type 2
NAT-2
Polymorphic arylamine N-acetyltransferase
- RS10090117 (NAT2) ??
- RS1041983 (NAT2) ??
- RS1208 (NAT2) ??
- RS1495741 (NAT2) ??
- RS1495743 (NAT2) ??
- RS1799929 (NAT2) ??
- RS1799930 (NAT2) ??
- RS1799931 (NAT2) ??
- RS1801279 (NAT2) ??
- RS1801280 (NAT2) ??
- RS35246381 (NAT2) ??
- RS4921913 (NAT2) ??
- RS4921914 (NAT2) ??
- RS4921915 (NAT2) ??
- RS721399 (NAT2) ??
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Top Gene-Substance Interactions
NAT2 Interacts with These Diseases
| Disease | Score |
Fixes
For slow acetylation take:
- NAC,
- Vitamin B2, B3, B5,
- Molybdenum...
Because exposure to toxins allow fast acetylation making mistakes and bogs down the detoxifying proteins of slow acetylation, avoid the following: [R]
- Avoid INH (Isoniazid), which is linked to tuberculosis, liver damage, and hepatitis [R, R2]
- Avoid Sulfamethoxazole [R]
- Hydralazine may reactivate cancer suppressing agents in DNA [R]
- Avoid hair dye to reduce risk of bladder cancer [R]
Substances That Increase NAT2
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Substances That Decrease NAT2
| Substances | Interaction | Organism | Category |
Advanced Summary
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NAT2 codes for enzyme N-acetyltransferase 2 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase) which activates or deactivates arylamine and hydrazine drugs and carcinogens. NAT2 is located in the liver, small intestine, and colon [R].
NAT2 enzyme breaks down breaks down chemicals by adding the negatively charged acetyl chemical group, which causes the chemicals molecules to change shapes in ways that change their effects on the body. [R, R2]
Individuals can be classified as either rapid or slow metabolizers. Slow metabolizers are more susceptible to hazardous chemicals that are exposed to the body because they process them slower.
Slow acetylation has marginally increased lung cancer risk, possibility in addition to environmental factors [R]. Slow acetylation has a small increased risk for bladder cancer [R]. Rapid acetylation has increased the risk of Astrocytoma and meningioma [R]. Rapid acetylation may be at increased risk for colon cancer [R].
From NCBI Gene: Slow acetylator due to N-acetyltransferase enzyme variant
From NCBI Gene: This gene encodes an enzyme that functions to both activate and deactivate arylamine and hydrazine drugs and carcinogens. Polymorphisms in this gene are responsible for the N-acetylation polymorphism in which human populations segregate into rapid, intermediate, and slow acetylator phenotypes. Polymorphisms in this gene are also associated with higher incidences of cancer and drug toxicity. A second arylamine N-acetyltransferase gene (NAT1) is located near this gene (NAT2). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] From UniProt: Participates in the detoxification of a plethora of hydrazine and arylamine drugs. Catalyzes the N- or O-acetylation of various arylamine and heterocyclic amine substrates and is able to bioactivate several known carcinogens.
Conditions with Increased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
|---|
Conditions with Decreased Gene Activity
| Condition | Change (log2fold) | Comparison | Species | Experimental variables | Experiment name |
|---|
Technical
The following transcription factors affect gene expression:
Molecular Function:
- Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase Activity
- L-Amino Acid Transmembrane Transporter Activity
- Ribosome Binding
Biological Processes:
- Xenobiotic Metabolic Process
- Negative Regulation Of Apoptotic Process
- N-Terminal Peptidyl-Methionine Acetylation
- N-Terminal Protein Amino Acid Acetylation
- Positive Regulation Of Transcription, Dna-Templated
- Protein Stabilization