Definition
One of the centrally acting MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS used for treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and drug-induced extrapyramidal movement disorders and as an antispasmodic.
Description
Trihexyphenidyl is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is one of the centrally acting muscarinic antagonists used for treatment of parkinsonian disorders and drug-induced extrapyramidal movement disorders and as an antispasmodic. Trihexyphenidyl is a selective M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. It is able to discriminate between the M1 (cortical or neuronal) and the peripheral muscarinic subtypes (cardiac and glandular). Trihexyphenidyl partially blocks cholinergic activity in the CNS, which is responsible for the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. It is also thought to increase the availability of dopamine, a brain chemical that is critical in the initiation and smooth control of voluntary muscle movement.
Top Gene Interactions
General Information
- Metabolism: Half Life: 3.3-4.1 hours
- Uses/Sources: Indicated for the treatment of parkinson's disease and extrapyramidal reactions caused by drugs.
- Symptoms: Symptoms of overdose include mydriasis, dryness of mucous membranes, red face, atonic states of bowels and bladder, and hyperthermia in high doses. Central consequences are agitation, confusion, and hallucinations.
- Treatment: Treatment of acute overdose involves symptomatic and supportive therapy. Gastric lavage or other methods to limit absorption should be instituted. A small dose of diazepam or a short-acting barbiturate may be administered if CNS excitation is observed. Phenothiazines are contraindicated because the toxicity may be intensified due to their antimuscarinic action, causing coma. Respiratory support, artificial respiration or vasopressor agents may be necessary. Hyperpyrexia must be reversed, fluid volume replaced and acid-balance maintained. Urinary catheterization may be necessary. It is not known if Trihexyphenidyl is dialyzable. (L1712)
- Route of Exposure: Oral. Trihexyphenidyl is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Mechanism of Action
Target Name | Mechanism of Action | References |
---|---|---|
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 | Trihexyphenidyl is a selective M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. It is able to discriminate between the M1 (cortical or neuronal) and the peripheral muscarinic subtypes (cardiac and glandular). Trihexyphenidyl partially blocks cholinergic activity in the CNS, which is responsible for the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. It is also thought to increase the availability of dopamine, a brain chemical that is critical in the initiation and smooth control of voluntary muscle movement. |
17139284 17016423 1346637 |
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 |
1346637 1635586 3208836 1994002 |
Trihexyphenidyl Interacts with Diseases
Disease | Inference Score | References/Inference Genes |
Lipoprotein Glomerulopathy | 5.91 |
|
Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome | 5.91 |
|
Alzheimer disease type 2 | 5.56 |
|
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy | 5.56 |
|
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type III | 5.11 |
|
Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting | 4.94 |
|
Macular Degeneration, Age-Related, 1 | 4.81 | |
Carotid Stenosis | 4.76 |
|
Amyloidosis | 4.42 |
|
Carotid Artery Diseases | 4.4 |
|
Mercury Poisoning | 4.37 |
|
Plaque, Atherosclerotic | 4.27 |
|
Age-related macular degeneration | 4.22 | |
HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, FAMILIAL | 4.22 |
|
Emphysema | 4.16 |
|
Hepatolenticular Degeneration | 4.07 |
|
Arteriosclerosis | 3.98 |
|
Multiple sclerosis | 3.82 |
|
Splenomegaly | 3.77 |
|
Coronary heart disease | 3.64 |
|