Definition
A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.
Description
Ketamine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (receptors, N-methyl-D-aspartate) and may interact with sigma receptors. [PubChem] Ketamine has several clinically useful properties, including analgesia and less cardiorespiratory depressant effects than other anaesthetic agents, it also causes some stimulation of the cardiocascular system. Ketamine has been reported to produce general as well as local anaesthesia. It interacts with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, opioid receptors, monoaminergic receptors, muscarinic receptors and voltage sensitive Ca ion channels. Unlike other general anaesthetic agents, ketamine does not interact with GABA receptors.
Top Gene Interactions
Related Pathways
General Information
- Metabolism: Hepatic. Half Life: 2.5-3 hours.
- Uses/Sources: Ketamine is primarily used for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, usually in combination with some sedative drug. Other uses include sedation in intensive care, analgesia (particularly in emergency medicine), and treatment of bronchospasm. It is also a popular anesthetic in veterinary medicine. [Wikipedia] For use as the sole anesthetic agent for diagnostic and surgical procedures that do not require skeletal muscle relaxation.
- Health Effects: Chronic use of ketamine may lead to cognitive impairments including memory problems. [Wikipedia]
- Symptoms: Ketamine has a wide range of effects in humans, including analgesia, anesthesia, hallucinations, elevated blood pressure, and bronchodilation.[Wikipedia]
- Treatment: Supportive ventilation should be employed. Mechanical support of respiration is preferred to administration of analeptics. (L1712)
- Route of Exposure: Rapidly absorbed following parenteral administration.
Mechanism of Action
| Target Name | Mechanism of Action | References |
|---|---|---|
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Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter Mu-type opioid receptor Kappa-type opioid receptor D(2) dopamine receptor Delta-type opioid receptor Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1 |
20361801 6246318 19391150 508488 8835358 6460944 |
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Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A Substance-P receptor |
Ketamine has several clinically useful properties, including analgesia and less cardiorespiratory depressant effects than other anaesthetic agents, it also causes some stimulation of the cardiocascular system. Ketamine has been reported to produce general as well as local anaesthesia. It interacts with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, opioid receptors, monoaminergic receptors, muscarinic receptors and voltage sensitive Ca ion channels. Unlike other general anaesthetic agents, ketamine does not interact with GABA receptors. |
12818951 17502428 |