Description
Desflurane is a highly fluorinated methyl ethyl ether used for maintenance of general anaesthesia. Volatile agents such as desflurane may activate GABA channels and hyperpolarize cell membranes. In addition, they may inhibit certain calcium channels and therefore prevent release of neurotransmitters and inhibit glutamate channels. Volatile anesthetics easily partition into cellular membranes and could expand the volume of the cell membrane and subsequently distort channels necessary for sodium ion flux and the development of action potentials necessary for synaptic transmission. Desflurane preconditions human myocardium against ischemia through activation of mitochondrial K(ATP) channels, adenosine A1 receptor, and alpha and beta adrenoceptors.
Top Gene Interactions
Related Pathways
General Information
- Metabolism: Minimally biotransformed in the liver in humans (approximately 0.02% of the quantity absorbed).
- Uses/Sources: Used for maintenance of general anesthesia. Due to this airway irritability, Desflurane is infrequently used to induce anesthesia via inhalation techniques. [Wikipedia]
- Health Effects: It may cause tachycardia and airway irritability when administered at concentrations greater than 10 vol%. [Wikipedia]
- Treatment: In the event of overdosage, or suspected overdosage, take the following actions: discontinue administration of Desflurane, maintain a patent airway, initiate assisted or controlled ventilation with oxygen, and maintain adequate cardiovascular function. (L1712)
- Route of Exposure: Rapidly absorbed into the circulation via the lungs following inhalation.
Toxicity
- Carcinogenicity: No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
- Toxicity: LD50: 312.0 mg.kg-1 (i.v,swiss rate) (A698)
Mechanism of Action
| Target Name | Mechanism of Action | References |
|---|---|---|
|
Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 1 Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 1 Glutamate receptor 1 Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1 Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1 ATP synthase subunit delta, mitochondrial |
Desflurane induces a reduction in junctional conductance by decreasing gap junction channel opening times and increasing gap junction channel closing times. Desflurane also activates calcium dependent ATPase in the sarcoplasmic reticulum by increasing the fluidity of the lipid membrane. It also appears to bind the D subunit of ATP synthase and NADH dehydogenase. Desflurane also binds to the GABA receptor, the large conductance Ca2+ activated potassium channel, the glutamate receptor and the glycine receptor. |
18048412 |
| GABA-A receptor (anion channel) |
18384456 11752090 |
Desflurane Interacts with Diseases
| Disease | Inference Score | References/Inference Genes |
| Hernia, Diaphragmatic | 13.23 |
|
| Urticaria | 12.85 |
|
| Multiple sclerosis | 12.68 |
|
| PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM BLOOD INFECTION LEVEL | 11.82 |
|
| Bronchiectasis | 11.31 |
|
| Ulcerative colitis | 11.31 |
|
| Myocardial Ischemia | 11.16 |
|
| Hypercholesterolemia | 10.51 |
|
| Hypertension | 9.98 |
|
| Brain Ischemia | 9.8 |
|
| Pleurisy | 9.52 |
|
| Shock, Hemorrhagic | 9.52 |
|
| Manganese Poisoning | 9.42 |
|
| Reperfusion Injury | 9.32 |
|
| Sickle cell anemia | 9.31 |
|
| Atherosclerosis | 9.22 |
|
| Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental | 9.19 |
|
| Cardiovascular disease | 8.78 |
|
| Nephrosis | 8.26 |
|
| Wounds and Injuries | 8.24 |
|