Definition
An amino acid that occurs in vertebrate tissues and in urine. In muscle tissue, creatine generally occurs as phosphocreatine. Creatine is excreted as CREATININE in the urine. Creatine is a essential, non-proteinaceous amino acid found in all animals and in some plants. Creatine is synthesized in the kidney, liver and pancreas from L-arginine, glycine and L-methionine.
Description
Creatine is an amino acid that occurs in vertebrate tissues and in urine. In muscle tissue, creatine generally occurs as phosphocreatine. Creatine is excreted as creatinine in the urine. Creatine functions as part of the cell's energy shuttle. The high energy phosphate group of ATP is transferred to creatine to form phosphocreatine in the following reaction: Cr + ATP <-> PCr + ADP. This reaction is reversibly catalyzed by creatine kinase. In the human body creatine is synthesized mainly in the liver by the use of parts from three different amino acids - arginine, glycine, and methionine. 95% of it is later stored in the skeletal muscles, with the rest in the brain, heart, testes.
Top Gene Interactions
Related Pathways
General Information
- Metabolism:
Half Life: 3 hours
- Uses/Sources:
For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance
Mechanism of Action
Target Name | Mechanism of Action | References |
---|---|---|
Creatine kinase B-type Creatine kinase S-type, mitochondrial Creatine kinase M-type Creatine kinase U-type, mitochondrial Guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase Sodium- and chloride-dependent creatine transporter 1 Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1 |
1731757 9642223 17148442 17036164 17336114 8662608 17486546 17347380 17000714 17016423 21955456 16763899 16849631 16875703 17389266 16949212 17385170 11538605 10567223 17139284 8399219 2394753 |
Creatine Interacts with Diseases
Disease | Inference Score | References/Inference Genes |
Retinal Detachment | 9.51 |
|
Hemangiosarcoma | 8.01 |
|
Carcinoma | 7.43 |
|
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell | 6.8 |
|
Guanidinoacetate methyltransferase deficiency | 6.54 |
|
Arginine:Glycine Amidinotransferase Deficiency | 6.44 |
|
Heart failure | 6.44 |
|
Achondrogenesis type 2 | 6.17 |
|
Epiphyseal Dysplasia, Multiple, with Myopia and Conductive Deafness | 6.17 |
|
Kniest dysplasia | 6.17 |
|
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease | 6.17 |
|
Osteoarthritis with Mild Chondrodysplasia | 6.17 |
|
Platyspondylic Lethal Skeletal Dysplasia, Torrance Type | 6.17 |
|
Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, congenita | 6.17 |
|
Stickler syndrome, type 1 | 6.17 |
|
Stickler Syndrome, Type I, Nonsyndromic Ocular | 6.17 |
|
Strudwick syndrome | 6.17 |
|
PARKINSON DISEASE 1, AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT | 6.15 |
|
Parkinson Disease 4, Autosomal Dominant Lewy Body | 6.15 |
|
Sepsis | 6.15 |
|