Definition
A broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic with a very long half-life and high penetrability to meninges, eyes and inner ears.
Description
Ceftriaxone is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic with a very long half-life and high penetrability to meninges, eyes and inner ears. [PubChem]Ceftriaxone works by inhibiting the mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall. The beta-lactam moiety of Ceftriaxone binds to carboxypeptidases, endopeptidases, and transpeptidases in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. These enzymes are involved in cell-wall synthesis and cell division. By binding to these enzymes, Ceftriaxone results in the formation of of defective cell walls and cell death.
Top Gene Interactions
Related Pathways
General Information
- Metabolism: Ceftriaxone is eliminated unchanged in the urine by glomerular filtration (60%) and bile (40%) (A633). Route of Elimination: Thirty-three percent to 67% of a ceftriaxone dose was excreted in the urine as unchanged drug and the remainder was secreted in the bile and ultimately found in the feces as microbiologically inactive compounds. Half Life: 5.8-8.7 hours
- Uses/Sources: For the treatment of the infections (respiratory, skin, soft tissue, UTI, ENT) caused by S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, staphylococci, S. pyogenes (group A beta-hemolytic streptococci), E. coli, P. mirabilis, Klebsiella sp, coagulase-negative staph (A308).
- Health Effects: Some observed adverse reactions ( < 0.1%) include abdominal pain, agranulocytosis, allergic pneumonitis, anaphylaxis, basophilia, biliary lithiasis, bronchospasm, colitis, dyspepsia, epistaxis, flatulence, gallbladder sludge, glycosuria, hematuria, jaundice, leukocytosis, lymphocytosis, monocytosis, nephrolithiasis, palpitations, a decrease in the prothrombin time, renal precipitations, seizures, and serum sickness (RxList, A308).
- Symptoms: Abdominal pain.
- Treatment: In the case of overdosage, drug concentration would not be reduced by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. There is no specific antidote. Treatment of overdosage should be symptomatic (RxList, A308).
- Route of Exposure: Inhalation; dermal or skin contact; ingestion; intravenous (MSDS, A308).
Toxicity
- Carcinogenicity: No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
- Toxicity: LD50: >10 000 mg/kg (Oral, Rat)
Mechanism of Action
Target Name | Mechanism of Action | References |
---|---|---|
Solute carrier family 15 member 1 Solute carrier family 22 member 11 Solute carrier family 22 member 8 Solute carrier family 22 member 6 |
15567297 11909604 15974593 |
Ceftriaxone Interacts with Diseases
Disease | Inference Score | References/Inference Genes |
Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal | 10.91 |
|
Anthracosis | 9.93 |
|
Arthritis, Experimental | 9.05 |
|
HIV Wasting Syndrome | 8.68 |
|
Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome | 8.55 |
|
Brain Ischemia | 7.84 |
|
Radiation Injuries, Experimental | 7.31 |
|
Mitochondrial Myopathies | 6.98 |
|
Alcoholic liver cirrhosis | 6.94 |
|
Pleurisy | 6.91 |
|
Burns | 6.77 |
|
Trigeminal Neuralgia | 6.71 |
|
Rheumatoid arthritis | 6.59 |
|
Glomerulonephritis | 6.47 |
|
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous | 6.42 |
|
Manganese Poisoning | 6.42 |
|
Dermatomyositis | 6.37 |
|
Polymyositis | 6.37 |
|
Psoriasis | 6.36 |
|
Kidney Failure, Chronic | 6.27 |
|