Definition
A C19 norditerpenoid alkaloid (DITERPENES) from the root of ACONITUM plants. It activates VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. It has been used to induce ARRHYTHMIAS in experimental animals and it has antiinflammatory and antineuralgic properties.
Description
Aconitine is a plant toxin found in species of wolfsbane (Aconitum genus). It is a neurotoxin previously used as an antipyretic and analgesic, and still has some limited application in herbal medicine. (L1235). The toxic effects of Aconitine have been tested in a variety of different test animals, including mammals (dog, cat, guinea pig, mouse, rat and rabbit), frogs and pigeons. Depending on the route of exposure, the observed toxic effects were: local anesthetic effect, diarrhea, convulsions, arrhythmias or death. According to a review of different reports of aconite poisoning in humans the following clinical features were observed: Neurological, Cardiovascular, Ventricular arrhythmias, Gastrointestinal.
Top Gene Interactions
Related Pathways
General Information
- Uses/Sources: Aconitine is a plant toxin found in species of wolfsbane (Aconitum genus). It is a neurotoxin previously used as an antipyretic and analgesic, and still has some limited application in herbal medicine. (L1235)
- Health Effects: Aconitine may cause death from respiratory paralysis and cardiac arrest. (L1235)
- Symptoms: Symptoms of acontine poisoning include paresthesia of the whole body, starting from the extremities, anesthesia, sweating and cooling of the body, nausea, and vomiting. Sometimes there is strong pain, accompanied by cramps, or diarrhea. (L1235)
- Treatment: As there is no antidote to acontine, treatment is symptomatic and may include administering atropine, strychnine or barakol. (L1235)
- Route of Exposure: Oral (ingestion) (L1817) ; dermal (L1817)
Toxicity
- Carcinogenicity: No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
- Toxicity: LD50: 0.166 mg/kg (Intravenous, Mouse) (L1235) LD50: 0.328 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Mouse) (L1235) LD50: 1 mg/kg (Oral, Mouse) (L1235)
- Lethal Dose: 1.5 to 6 mg for an adult human. (L1235)
Mechanism of Action
Target Name | Mechanism of Action | References |
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Sodium channel subunit beta-1 Sodium channel subunit beta-2 Sodium channel subunit beta-3 Sodium channel subunit beta-4 Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha Sodium channel protein type 7 subunit alpha Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha |
Aconitine opens voltage-gated sodium channed in the heart and other tissues. (L1235) |
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Aconitine Interacts with Diseases
Disease | Inference Score | References/Inference Genes |
Brain Ischemia | 21.7 |
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Prostatic Neoplasms | 20.08 |
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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia | 18.97 |
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Breast carcinoma | 18.76 |
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Alzheimer's Disease | 17.09 |
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Nerve Degeneration | 16.95 |
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Lung Neoplasms | 15.79 |
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Sezary Syndrome | 14.92 |
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Adrenocortical Carcinoma | 14.65 |
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Kidney Neoplasms | 14.5 |
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Esophageal Neoplasms | 14.33 |
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Nervous System Diseases | 14.12 |
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Neoplasm Metastasis | 13.87 |
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Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 13.29 |
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Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung | 13.14 |
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Squamous cell carcinoma | 12.58 |
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Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell | 12.33 |
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Hyperalgesia | 12.31 |
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Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental | 12.29 |
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Head and Neck Neoplasms | 12.18 |
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